jT__ 



a 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



00005444304 




THE HISTORY 

OF THE 

GOVERNORS OF EGYPT 



BY 



ABU UMAR MUHAMMAD IBN YUSUF AL-KINDI 



EDITED FROM A UNIQUE MANUSCRIPT 
IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM 



BY 



NICHOLAS AUGUST KOENIG 



Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree 
of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Faculty of Philosophy 
Columbia University 



$eto forft 

1908 



THE HISTORY 

g OF THE 

GOVERNORS OF EGYPT 

BY 

al-fcmlT } ABU 'UMAR MUHAMMAD IBN YUSUF AL-KINDI 



EDITED FROM A UNIQUE MANUSCRIPT 
IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM 



BY 



/ 



NICHOLAS AUGUST KOENIG 



Submitted in Partial Fulfilment op the Requirements for the Degree 

of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Faculty of Philosophy 

Columbia University 



Jgeta Jgorfe 

1908 



J)Tis 

.5 
11*8 



Gift 
J UN 2*1910 



PRINTED BY G. KREYSING, LEIPZIG, GERMANY 






To RICHARD GOTTHEIL, Ph.D. 

PROFESSOR OF SEMITIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES 
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY. 



Note 

Al-Kindfs "Annals of the Kulers of Egypt" during the first three 
centuries of Mohammedan rule, is one of the chief authorties for the history 
of the Arab conquerors in the land of the Pharaos. For many years the 
unique manuscript of his work has lain unused in the British Museum and 
has not been made accessible to scholars. In the winter of 1905 — 1906, 
I suggested to Dr. Nicholas A. Koenig that he make a careful study of 
the text upon the basis of photographs which I had procured and that he 
prepare it for publication. I was able to place at his disposal also my 
own copies of the same author's "History of the Cadis of Egypt" (now 
in the press) and of the Raf' al-Isr 'an gudat Misr of Ibn Hajar copied 
from a ms. in the Bibliotheque Nationale in Paris. The present publication 
contains the first part of this text, and it is to be followed as soon as 
practicable by the remaining portions. Dr. Koenig has gathered together 
whatever quotations from al-Kindfs "Annals" were to be found in the 
works of later writers, and has in this manner been able to control the 
readings of his manuscript in various places. The difficulty, however, 
remains of having to reconstruct a readable text upon the basis of a single 
manuscript. Dr. Koenig has, with much dilligence and with distinguished 
success made this reconstruction, and in the introduction has, for the first 
time, given a complete account of the literary labours of his author. 

Richard Gottheil 

Columbia University, New York 
April 1908. 



Introduction. 

i. 

Among the numerous sciences known to the Muhammadan world, history 
may be said to play one of the most important parts. The subject is 
treated from various standpoints. The chief one, naturally, is the chronicling 
of events which have taken place throughout the world from its creation 
to the writer's time. 1 A second deals with a specific country. This may 
cover every phase of the government's administration and relations with 
foreign states from the formation of the state to whatever date the writer 
may choose to carry it down. 2 Then again we find a still further narrowing 
down to certain dynasties. Side by side with this may be placed the 
histories of separate districts and cities of a country. 3 Indeed, an account 
of the holders of a public office, which at times borders on a biographical 
dictionary, is likewise termed a history. 4 To this class a history of the 
governors of Egypt, called the Tasmiyat Wulat Misr written by Abu 'Umar 
Muhammad b. Yusuf al-Kindi may be said to belong. 

Few facts of this author's life are known. According to the short 
biography added to the manuscript containing his history of the Egyptian 
governors and that found in Maqrlzl's rnuqaffa, 5 al-Kindi, whose full name 

1 See p. 23 f. — 2 Brockelmann, Gesch. Arab. Lit, I, 335, No. 5. — 
8 Brockelmann, Gesch. Arab. Lit, I, 149, No. 6; Becker, Gesch. Agypt. it. d. 
Islam, I, 13. — 4 See R. Gottheil, JAOS, XXVII, 224. 

5 See p. 19 f. Through the kindness of Dr. Th. W. Juynboll, whom 1 here 
take the opportunity of thanking, I have been able to add the following extract 

from the nuiqaffa, Leiden 870: ^ ij^^ i-jJ <w^xj ^j oL*jj ^j l\^^V/> 

£jj fcUJ Js^c qJ u\.jj qJ [Ms. ^o above word; see p. 19], j**ai ^ ^-A^*-J 

qJ *.*■*-•£ rjt [Ms. tfjo above word; see p. 19] ( j^-m.c qJ ^j"^* O* U"** 31 

^lXc ^j glvSJ ^j s!^\j ^j eULo ^j [sic] y>ls. ^ [See p. 19 n. 3] JJj*M ^.xc 

(j**j*$f ^j ^.jXmJI q.j [Ms. &aa«&; see p. 3, n. 7] ^^xXl ^ u*_j*^ [vM] q* 



is Muhammad b. Yusuf b. Ya'qub b. Hafs b. Yusuf b. 3S T usair [Nasr?] b. Abu 
'Amir b. Mu'awiya b. Zaid b. 'Abdallah b. Qais b. al-Harit b. 'Umais [Qais] 
b. Dubai' b. 'Abd-al-'AzTz ['Uzza?] b. Malik b. Badda b. Idat b. 'Adi b. [al-] 
Asras b. Sabib b. as-Sakun b. [al-]Asras b. Kinda at-Tuglbl Abu 'Umar 
al-Kindl al-Misri, was born the 10 th of Du-1-Higga 283 A. H. [Jan. 30, 896 A. D.]. 
Later authors in citing from al-Kindl's works seem to have had some diffi- 
culty in determining the correct form of his kwnya. Yaqut, 1 Tagribardl,' 2 
Suyutl, 8 Ibn Duqmaq, 4 and MaqrizT 5 at times give it as Abu c Amr, to 
which a later hand has changed the original Abu i Umar on fol. 213 of 
the Br. Mus. Ms. Add. 23324. In an equal number of instances some of 
these writers 6 and Subkl 7 also read Abie l Umar. As the manuscript in the 
British Museum originally read this form and Maqrizi's muqaffa likewise 
has it, it is perhaps best to retain this reading. The correctness of the 
nisba al-Kindi, was evidently doubted by a reader of the brief sketch of 
our author's life on fol. 134 a. There it has been crossed out three times. 



w & w ■ S. W 8- 3 

l\-*^^o *.j! 2uc ^5+y$ K.d^>5 ^jLm.aJI q.4.>jJI \Xxs- j!j ^$^j^ <-X-jJs.*i Q.J 

J^yfcJi j4 V^ J^ V L ^i * L ^ V^P3 c) U !^ v L ^ *!/^ 

a J aftl cXac l\*<^> jj| jl3 t^JUl jA*mj u*UJf jjjJ>b l3,U ^1(5 ^H 
s^xSj aJL*^ *jl^ OJLJb (j^UJt jjlc? a /> ^ [See p. 19 f.] ^J^aii c\*5>f 

*JUj>- .^/O ,.jl^5 LJIavO^U, .L.J>bH L_J^AAO .^yQ 8^a£. ^ *a5 olaAAO/3 aIj 

v^U&i g.A^P c^j^ii ^oiXj UU i_***Jl 3 ^jJc^Jb r JLxil JJ>( [Ms. 2JLs>] 

jlii^J rr-^3 t*^*^ KjL^-aI"^ ,.*.A.w..*i> jC^m ...Lca^o. t^** 1 rV° r)* ■^* ^>**^ 

1 Y, I, 760; III, 145, 893. — 2 Index. — 3 Husn al-Muhadara, I, 96, L, 9. — 
4 Kitab al-Intisar, index, has Abu 'Umar, text in several instances Abu 'Amr. — 

6 gitat, I, 79, 131, 162, 163, 288; II, 202, 261, 332, 334. See below p. 12 where, 
at the beginning of the third part of the qudat misr »j+^ -*jI has been written 
by the scribe. — 6 Ibn Duqmaq, I. c. It is of importance that where the fullest 
form of al-Kindi's name occurs in the ffitap [I, 3—4] the hunya is Abu ( Umar. 
Other occurrences are, I, 265; II, 161, 163, 185, 246, 248, 250, 270. See, n. 1. — 

7 Tabaqat as-Safi'iya, I, 257. 



The reason is doubtless to be found in tbe fact that Abu 'Umar's descent 
is traced back to 'Adi. He and Sa'd, personifications of two tribes, were 
the sons of Tugib 1 bint Tauban from her union with [al]-Asras b. Sabib 
b. as-Sakun b. [al]-Asras b. KiDda. 2 Taqilt, 3 Nawawl, 4 Ibn Hallikan, 5 Qal- 
qasandl 6 and Maqrizi 7 state that these two brother tribes formed what 

1 On the pronunciation see Mann, Tuhfa Davfi-l-Arab, Leiden, 1905, 
p. 142 f. — 2 Wiistenfeld, Geneolog. Tab. index; Ibn Qutaiba, p. 52; Tagri- 
bardi, I, 160, n. 1. — 3 Y, I, 827. — 4 Nawawl, 202, 1. lOf. — 5 Ibn Hallikan 
[r. de Slane], I, 53, 317, 370. — 6 Abhand. d. Gesell d. Wiss. Gott, XXV, 52. 
Qalqasandl, II, p. 198. 

7 ffitat, I, 297 1. 17; II, 163. Suyutl, Lubb al-Lubab, p. 51, 226. Dahabi, 
Mus. 242. Abu Muhammad 'All b. Hasm ad-Dahari [f 456] in the following extract 
from his gamharat al-ansab [Ms. Ar. 5829 Bibl. Nat.] would on the other hand lead 
one to suppose that only the decendants of 'Adl were designated as Tuglbl; fol. 150 a: 

U"j*^ O* iMj^^^ q^ [See n. 2; ms. ^a.^.] u-aaa-& ry* {jy^^ [Ms. q.jI] 
Apparently omitted; see ^4*3 «**-4] v*-*^ ^H"^ awXtfj^ £$/) a ^ j>> qJ 
Follows] u-Aftc y^*J ^5 4*^ Ijaavo ^5>«A/> q^ L^j qJ j*aL* qJ [Yaqut, I, 827 
^j BjAaS ^j [Ms. £xa^] X£aa5> ^j ^oi\> ^J ^J^Lx* ^fr^° [{•**■* W m ms - 

qJ \jhJ"\ qJ l\Xav qJ X*Lwf ^J y*^?* (*T^ * , H^' JU0 Q^ jj^.aav i\a£: ^jJ *S.L> 

qJ [See T. index] ^aaoj^JU, jdi'U q*Jj *-^ *M f->) ^Uac Juts BjAaS 

^J K.AAAV ^J C^jL^Jf ^J iUA*> ^jJ ^-^ Q^ [MS. (Jw&lj] Jj'Li ^yi jAAJ 
aAa^U, fcX/8 .LaO>» V„^.5>LaO ..j^/*Jl ^J [or v«_*\A*V] yAAM ^J &cl&& 

XjjLxo ^j vi^L^Jl qJ jAc! qJ vJi^Jt Js.ac ^j i^\aJ| lXac ^ [Fol. 150 b] 

V-^^lo ^jXwJf qJ [Ms. v_^aAJ|] yUA^v .O '*/>l£& ^~J X*Lj| ^J 8$^L> ^J 

&y»j pLjf ^XaJ^JI ^j c\JLi> Vjm,] [See Ibn Duraid, 223, 1. 3f] ^Aa^JI KxjO 
KjCa j'| ^ gjA^Jb Ja^-Il ^JLxj liU-di cXac ^j yio s^-^lj *xlo ^JUl 

XjjL> *J oAJ^i V^r* o^ o^^ l5-^ Vi ^^ > ^ Vj^ ^-^ sLa^aoJI ^as 

iiULo^ ^3jX^[ii] *aAaJ| ,ca»J ^j HJU^^oj ^AJ^ »jAaP qJj-^ 1 b'uX^ ,r^U 

1* 



was known as the tribe of Tuglb which dwellt in Egypt. It is evidently 
to emphasize our author's relationship to the Tuglb, that the al-Kindl has 
been erased. Abu 'Umar, however, has a perfect right to this nisba 
since his ancestory is traceable back to the Banu Kinda through 'Adfs 

> e^L^JJ i *+**£> i [or o^U] a jU a * 3j +e > \y^ a * j£ 
^Xolij jyxik+il byaJt »jj! ^i^, l\a^J! e)^W L^* 25 * ^ v-aao^uJI 
^j cXjij ^j t**^ to-] CT*"^lr^ ^^ O- ^^*^ ^^ O^ |»UxP ,j*Jjo^i 

^jj &a££ qJ KaIxS ^J ^& ^J vixL^if ^J ^iUU ^J UAAO^WJi qJ ^♦J' 

o^ytjl Jw^»l qj o>+^* qJ f-^j^ cjj^^ o^" 8L *"^ o^-5 e)_y^^ 

.Jaiis ^aaJj^Cav \jJS Uifj Laaa^S [Ms. ..j.aAj] ^^a.«*o i^-il^ ^aa^\jJLj 
qJ b^M-fc^Aa^ ^^^aaoj qJ tG^y* £* J^^ _rT^-£*^ ^^ *^ ^ c 3 'Sj*** 1 f*-f^ 

w O - - » 

I^Afi .j^lXaJJ y>L^4.Jl qJ *lJ| (.XaC sjjj q^5 Q*^*" jj^ilAJ^I S~\jA (J^XaJ 

(Axe ^iji K."i,_ju> u^^Lao j>L^J| ^ *JlJi lXac ^j rJj*^ ^^ O"^ f*"^J^ 
^&j&\ pIjJJ a J uX+5>f JJlS *Lwy*j ^jUil ^j^f jJ^ iu\S> Q+^i 

^L^ ^i cX*^=u j^^t O-^^u C yj f»&l$> J^jb Vj+c jLb Jw^v^ [?]y> 
jAoL^^Jl j*\yh (J»& qJ lX^^ lXJ^.5 «j**3 ^aoUJI *Lj| gJaM*J>jM*^ jAoL^vil 
^a^j^ j»Li^5 jj-4^5 J^aiUii J^lXPj jri)y>\ 4 ^ > ^ ^"^3 ^i^j^ icf^H 

O 3 

v5yCiU.il ^X> tXi^ v-^*J ^J? (*-"^3 j**^ tX4>>^ jjJCiuii ^>- lX*.2=^o 
L^aJ» *^^i-wJ H~*"^*> j^ ^^ o^ ity+tb" *"^ /•-** ^J^Co jJjjj (j*»L*Ji 



father. 1 This tribe, 2 30 000 strong, is said to have left its home in 
Bahrain Musaqqar and Gamr du Kinda on the Persion Gulf and to have 
migrated southward along the eastern side of the Arabian peninsula, one 
hundred and fifty years prior to Muhammad. In the South, their strength 
gave them the upper hand so . that they soon controlled Hadramaut and 
Yaman. At the rise of Muhammadanism , the greater part of the tribe 

iOL»3_j ^J^A £*J-5 w<v^>Ia3 ^+2>J\ Js.a£ qJ .lXJU-JI <^*£ (^UJt <-X* £: .5 

,»jj L^a>Ud j&j jo\j3\ UJjjJ KxJlS qas j^j Jj3 U>jjjj&Ji [fol. 151 a] ^**Jl** 

-jf qJJ a1a3 yJLi <-* fjlfiJl f"^3 (joLxit jJ.jjJl jlXa*J| ^jJ £&>> oJji 
*w^j| &jj£ »^i *&£>{ -Ic jxlft ^j| qj! ** JJU.J! jHj*^ «-^^ c 3 j - *^ 

jfilf <^Jzg [Ms. ^*J] - ^i 5 alii <Aa«3 OjkJtj j^A^J V^3 L f^^^ 

j^oLxil^ XS^ £ jjiX^Jt wXPljJb U^ycJl jJi*^ '-V* 1 f$** f-^ ^5 

-3»i Q^s^if iAac q.j i^i*^ tX*c lXJ., q*j 2JUI iXjuj^ j+^2 &^UJl <-X* c 5 

aJJl cX^e Otojfiit lX+^L aU| lXac r)!?-^ *^3 V**H *4? A*Jl^U £ LvXfr 

<-X^ £ q-J J4j x ^ lXa*Jj U"4^ *"**^ ^ Jj"^ i-X^S=Uo -s>\ q.j AJi*^H 

1 Wustenfeld, I. c. Qaisaba b. Kultum is given the nisba Tuglbi and also 
said to belong to the Banu Kinda; see Hitat, II, 236, mid.; Mu'awia 

b. Hudaig is called (J JjX*Jf, ^^ax^jJI and ^lXaKJI; Ibn Duraid, 221,1., 13 
and n. 11; 328, 1., 23. Suyutl I, 110. 

2 Sprenger, Das Leben und die LeJire Muhammeds, index; Suyuti, Lubb 
al-Lubdb, 229. Fliigel, Al-Kindi, genannt der Philosoph der Araber. Ein Vor- 
bild seiner Zeit und seines VolJces, Abh. f. d. K. d. M. II, 1857. Causin de 
Perceval, Essai sur Vhistoire des Arabes, 1, 136, II, 265 ; Wellhausen, Skizzen VI, 29 f. 



6 

under the leadership of al-As'at b. Qais were converted to the new reli- 
gion, and later played an important part in the conquest of Syria. 

In all probability, the Tugib as a branch of the Kinda likewise 
accompanied the expeditions into Syria, whence some are known to have 
followed 'Amr b. al-'Asi into Egypt. Al-Kindi l himself relates that Qai- 
saba b. Kultum the Tugibite accompanied 'Amr from Syria with one 
hundred camels, fifty slaves and thirty horsemen. That others participated 
in the conquest may be assumed from the fact that the tribe dwellt in 
a special hitta in Fustat. 2 This term hitta has the general meaning of 
ground occupied for the first time , a pitch or holding. In connection 
with Fustat, as with other towns founded by the Arabs, the sense is 
often connected with the foundation. 3 Now to obtain such a holding at 
the foundation it was necessary that the tribe be represented in sufficient 
numbers. At Fustat' s foundation, those who were not, were thrown into 
one body known as the ahl ar-raya.* The Tugib, on the other hand, 
represented by Mu'awia b. Hudaig 5 received an allotment of land. Hence 
at least as early as 21 A. H. [641/42 A. D.], the date of Fustat's founda- 
tion numerous members of the Tugib were present in Egypt. As 'Amr 
invaded the country in 18 A. H. [639 A. D.], 6 we may assume that all 
these served in the military campaign playing as important a part on the 
battle fields as they did in the political intrigues and in the governing 
of Egypt during the first century after its conquest. 7 

Whether any one of al-Kindi's ancestors was present at the just 
mentioned allotment of land in Fustat, lack of historical and biographical 
material makes it impossible to say. In fact our knowledge of his imme- 
diate relatives is exceedingly meagre. Purported to have been born 283 
A. H. [896/7 A. D.], Abu 'Umar al-Kindi was the son of a Yiisuf b. Ya'qub, 
concerning whom nothing more than the name is known. That his grand- 
father was the famous philosopher Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Kindi who wrote 
at the courts of al-Ma'mun and al-Mu'tasim [198—227 A. H. 813—841 
A. D.] as de Slane has conjectured 8 is very doubtful. Both Maqrlzl 9 
and the author of the sketch on fol. 2 a agree in giving our author's 
great grandfather as Hafs, whereas the philosopher was the son of Ishaq. 

1 MaqrizT, ffitat, II, 236, lines 20 ff. — 2 A. K. Guest, The Foundation of 
Fustat and the KhiUahs of that Town. J. B. A. S., Jan. 1907, pp. 65, 76, 77 and 
map C— 11. — 3 Guest, J. B. A. S., Jan. 1907, p. 57. — 4 Hitat, I, 297. — 
B Wellhausen, DasArabischeBeich, 62. — 6 Becker, Agyptenu.d. Islam, II, 121—124, 
has collected the names of some of the most important meu belonging to the Tugib; 
Aug. Miiller, Islam II, 575, 578. That considerable importance was attached to 
the members of this tribe is attested to by the tdriji at-tugibiyln found in the 
list of books published by Kampfmeyer, Mitteil. Sem. Or. Sprachen. Ber. West- 
asiat. IX, 82. See p. 3, n. 7. — 7 Suyuti I, 110. — 8 Ibn Hallikan, I, 389. — 
9 ffitat, I, 3 etc. 



A comparison of the geneologies 1 of the two writers shows a decided 
difference in their origin. The philosopher traces his back to al-As'at, the 
famous chief of the Banu Kinda who after his conversion to Muhamma- 
danism married the daughter of Abu Bakr, the prophet's successor. No 
such noble descent is claimed by the historian's pedegree, as is evident 
from the entirely different names contained in it. The silence of the bio- 
graphies as to the ancestors of Abu 'Umar the historian would seem to 
indicate an humbler origin for his family than that of the philosopher Abu 
Ytisuf. However this may be , several men of ability are found among 
the historian's relatives. Three times al-Kindi quotes his paternal uncle 
al-Husain b. Ya'qub 2 as one of his authorities in his Umara Misr. It is 
important to note that the nisba at-Tuglbl is given to him. Prehaps it 
was this which lead to the erasure of the al-Kindi on folio 134 a. 3 Then 
again al-Kindl's son, 'Umar, seems to have continued his father literary 
work. Ostrup, 4 indeed, has made it probable that 'Umar's hitab misr wa 
fadcCiliha is nothing more than an edition of his father's fadail misr 
mentioned by Suyutl. 5 

Of the literary productions of al-Kindi, the majority are chiefly known 
from citations from them found in later authors; only three, the fadctil misr, 
the tasmiyat qudat misr® and the tasmiyat wulat misr 1 being preserved 
in manuscript form. To these must be added five others, the hitat misr. 
the hitab al-handaq, the hitab ahbar masgid ahl ar-raya al-dzam, the 
hitab al-agnad al-gurabd, the sirat marwan al-ga'd, the hitab al-mawali 
min ahl misr al-a'zam. From these nine titles, it is evident that al-Kindi 
devoted himself to geographical, biographical and historical studies dealing 
chiefly with Egypt. In his hitat misr, he was the first to give a topo- 
graphical discription of this country. 8 Of a more specific character is his 
hitab ahbar ahl ar-raya, 9 the history of the mosque of the ahl ar-raya. 
The ahl ar-raya, as Maqrizi 10 points out, were a combination of the tribes 

1 Fliigel , I. c. , has given a complete study of the ancestors of the philo- 
sopher. — 2 In the qudat misr he is cited 13 times, folios 135 a, 144 a, 148 b, 152 a, 
153a, 155a, 161a, 163a, 164b, 169a, 176a, 177b, 196b; see p. 15. — 3 See p. 2f. — 

4 'Umar b. MuJiommad al-Kindl's Beskrivelse af Agypten. Udgivet og oversat 
af J. Ostrup. Bulletin de VAcademie Boyale, Copenhagen, 1896, No. 4, p. If. — 

5 Suyutl, Husn at-Mujiadara , I, 265; Suyutl gives it as one of his sources I, 2 
[the £jjj doubtlessly a mistake for -±\\ — 6 See p. 9. — 7 Maqrizi, Jlitat, I, 79 
[= II, 492], 228, 288; II, 25, 163, 202, 248, 261, 436, cites it as hitab umara' or 
kitab umara' misr. Tagribardl, I, 77. — 8 Hitat, I, 3; Haggl Hallfa II, 146, cites 
this passage; see p. 1, n. 1. Evetts, CJiurches of Egypt, pp. 101, 108, 110, 116, 
293; Abu Salih cites it from a copy in the futuh misr of Abd-al-Hakam. Ewald, 
Zeit. zur K. d. M. Ill, 333, in his discription of the Paris ms. of the futuh misr states 
that the third part deals with a similar subject. — ° Ijfitat, II, 246, 1., 37. — 
10 Hitat, I, 197. 



8 

of Qurais, Ansar and others who, represented by too small a number singly, 
to be mustered separately in the dlwan of Fustat, were enrolled under 
this name and awarded a hitta of their own. 1 In the midst of this stood 
the mosque known as al-gami 1, al-'atiq, also called tag al-gawami 1, or 
garni'' ''Amr b. al-'Asi. 2 As the only citation from al-Kindl's ahbar masgid 
ahl ar-raya known to me in the hitat of MaqrizI occurs in the chapter 
on the mosque of 'Amr, it would seem as if it dealt with this building. 3 
Probably the kitab al-handaq 4 dealt with another of Fustat's sights. 
Whether this al-handaq is the same as the one MaqrizI 5 has devoted an 
entire chapter to is impossible to say, as that chapter does not mention 
al-Kindi's kitab al-handaq. Where it is cited in connection with the birkat 
al-haggdg^ no definite hint as to the possible identity of al-handaq is 
given. Still greater is the uncertainty which exists as to the contents of 
the kitab al-agnad al-guraba'. This is mentioned on folio 134a 7 of the 
wilat misr manuscript in the British Museum. Folio 2 a of this book 
designates it as kitab al-agnad al-garabt. Qalqashandl 8 mentions a kitab 
al-gasad al- l arabl by al-Kiodi. Doubtlessly the al-gasad is a mistake for 
al-gund; the title should read with MaqrizI: 9 kitab al-gund al-'arabl. 
This would be translatable by "book on the Arabian province". 10 Kitab 
al-agnad al-guraboL or k al-garbi [ya~\\ on the other hand would mean "book 
on the north west African provinces". The latter leading, kitab al-agnad 
al-guraba!' or al-garabl, is evidently the correct one, as the diacritical points 
have carefully been supplied to these words in the otherwise almost unpunctuated 
texts on folios 2 a and 134 a, and in Maqrlzfs muqaffa. If Ostrup is correct in 
supposing that the fadaHl misr by al-Kindl's son, 'Umar, is based on a larger 
work of the same name written by the elder al-Kindl, 11 the latter's consisted 
of sentences on Egypt from the Quran, and an account of the antiquities 
geography and history of this country down to al-Kindl's time* Doubtlessly 
of equal importance as these, were al-Kindl's slrat Marwan al-gdd and 
kitab al-mawali. In the hitat of MaqrizI, we have extracts from the latter 
dealing with Masruh b. Sindar 12 the client of Zinba b. Eauh b. Salama 
al-6-udami, 13 Abu Gunaim 13 the client of Maslama b. Muhallad al-Ansarl 

1 Guest, J. B. A. S. Jan. 1907, pp. 58, 64, map. C - 10. Becker, Agypt u. d.Islam, II, 
p. 122. — 2 Hitat, II, 246—256. — 3 Hitai, II, 163, 1., 26. See p. 1, n. 1. — 4 Hitat, 
II, 136—138. — 5 At the end of chapter IV of the first part of the history of 
the qadis of Egypt [Or. Ms. Add. 23, 324] at the British Museum, a note is 
found to the effect, that the following chapter contains a treatise on the Masgid 
'Abdallah given on the authority of Ibn Qudaid. See p. 10, n. 1. — 6 Hitat, 
11, 126. — 7 See p. 19. — 8 Abhandl. Gesell d. Wiss. Gott, XXV, p. 24. — 9 Hitat, 
II, 143, 1., 2; see p. 1, n. 5, where the muqaffa reads yarbl. — 10 Baladurl, Futuh 
al-Buldcln, [ed. de Goege], gloss, p. 23. — u See p. 7 n. 4; Evetts, Giurches of 
Egypt, index, Abu Salih quotes this work. Suy. I, 265; cp. TagribardI I, 2. — 
12 Hitat, II, 137, L, 20; see p. 1, n. 5. — 13 Hitat, II, 161, 1., 31. 



and al-Harit b. Maskln 1 the client of Muhammad b. Rayyan 2 b. 'Abd 
al-'Aziz. 3 Ibn Hagar in his raf al-isr l an qudat misr cites al-Kindl's 
kitab al-mawall min ahl misr, probably at second hand, in connection with 
the death of Ishaq b. Furat 3 one of the clients of Mu'awia b. Hudaig and 
in speaking of 'Abdallah b. Muhammad b. Hakim. 4 Oddly, enough on the lower 
margin of folio 214b a note as to the date of the death of al-Harit b. Maskln 
from the kitab al-mawall has been added by a reader. All of these extracts appear 
to be taken from a biographical dictionary dealing with those clients [^V°] 
who dwellt in Egypt. Whether it dealt especially with those rawis who 
were clients, the study of whom an-NawawI 5 mentions as one of the branches 
of hadit criticism, or not, it is impossible to say. That it contained such 
rawis is evident from extracts found in the raf al-isr 'cm qudat misr of 
Ibn Hagar and on the margin of Or. Ms. Add. 23, 324 of the British Museum. 
The latter manuscript contains besides a tasmiyat wulat misr, also an 
extensive treatise on the qadis of Egypt, entitled tasmiyat qudat misr. Q 
Professor Gottheil, who is editing this, has been kind enough to 
place his photographs at my disposal. The entire account covers folios 
134 b to 215 a. This is divided into three parts. The first, folios 134 b 
to 215 a, is made up of seven chapters, the opening one extending from 
fol. 134 b to 148 b, the second from 149 a to 159 a, the third from 159 b 
to 170 a, the fourth from 170 b to 182 a, the fifth from 182 b to 193 b, 
the sixth from 194 a to 206 b and the seventh from 207 a to 215 a. Each 
of these opens with a hutba, which is followed in most cases by the number 
of the chapter. 

The narrative commences [fol. 134 b]: 

In the name of Allah the merciful and compassionate in whom 
there is aid and protection. The first chapter of the book of the 
qadis who acted as judges in Misr. Abu Muhammad 'Abd ar-Rah- 
man b. 'Umar b. Muhammad b. Sa'Id al-Bazzar, known as Ibn an- 
Nahhas, has informed us [13 -*.:>!] by recitation before him UJic s |t*]j 
i. e, Abu. 'Umar Muhammad b. Yusuf b. Ya'qub al-Kindl, has narra- 
ted to us [UJ jl'i] this book of the tasmiyat qudat misr etc. 

The remaining chapters commence with a somewhat similar formula. In 
the case of the first four chapters the main follows immediately and then 

1 Hitat, H, 202, 1. 13f.; II, 250, L, 2f., 334, 1. 23f., — 2 See T. II, 
164. — 3 Paris, Bibl. Nat. Ms. Ar. No. 2149, fol. 22a. 1. 9f. The citation of 
al-Kindl in Subkl, I, 257, might also belong to the kitab al-mawali. — 4 I. c, 
fol. 127 a 1. 14. — 5 Marcais, J. A., ser. 9, T., 18, p. 145. Yaqut, I, 734, 4 cites 
a litab mawaZi ahl misr anonomously. — 6 H. H. I, 188, calls it a]ibar qudat 
misr, II, 141, ta'rlli qudat misr. For the continuations of this work see R. Gottheil, 
J. A. O. S. XXVII, 225 f. ; cp. Hitat II, 25, 137, 170. Ibn Hagar, in his raf 'al-isr 'an 
qudat misr, Paris Ms. Ar. 2149, fol. IB, 10 — 11 states that he has used the aJi- 
lar al qudat of Aba 'Umar al-Kindl. See also Tallquist, Ibn Sa'id, p. 84. 



10 

an isnad. The other three chapters, 1 however, have the chain 
of authorities, which al-Kindl cited, joined to the introductory formula and 
then the text. The opening form however is not carried out throughout 
each chapter, the most common method being the citation of the rawis 
first and then the narrative. With exception of chapters two and seven, 
al-Kindl is always cited in the isnad. His name is generally given as 
Muhammad b. Yusuf. As is evident from the opening of the treatise, we 
have a peculiar form of editing a book. An-Nawawi 2 in enumerating 
the different ways in which traditions may be transmitted from one rawi 
to another gives as the second of eight, that of recitation (HpLs). Most 
traditionalists have given this the name of "presentation" ((j^-c). This is 
a statement made by the pupil to his master as to what he has collected 
from him. This statement may be either oral or written. When the latter, 
it is given the special name of xJ^Luil U&j&, when the first, it is called 
»£ jys. While the statement is being made orally , other pupils may be 
present. These have a right to report the traditions they hear in this 
fashion as coming from their master. The chief formulas used to indicate 
this manner of transmission are .^li Ac. oL5 [I have recited before N.N.] 
«.♦**! liU, ^s Jlc ^j3 [It was recited before N. N. while I was listening] 
and *JLfi gtLS ,.^Ii Li-^>J [N.N. has informed us by recitation before him]. 3 
It is this last formula that is used at the beginning of the tasmiyat qudat 
misr* The whole account must then be considered as having been recited 
by Abu Muhammad 'Abd ar-Rahman b. 'Umar b. Sa'id al-Bazzar 5 to one of 
his pupils. He doubtlessly obtained the material from al-Kindl. Especially 
is this true of chapters one, three, four, five and six in which every isnad 
is introduced with Muhammad b. Yusuf. This does not occur in chapters 
two and seven. In these, it is only found with the first chain of authorities. 
These chapters, however, would seem to embody al-Kindi's work, as the 
isnads commence in each case with an authority which al-Kindl cites in 
the other chapters. 

It is to Ibn an-Nahhas [f 416 A. H.] who reached the age of ninety- 
two years, that we owe the preservation of al-Kindi's tasmiyat qudat 
misr, which according to Haggi Halifa 7 was the first of its kind to be 
written. The truth of this statement is exceedingly doubtful, for in a 

1 On the contents of chpt. 5 see p. 8, n. 4. — 2 Marcais, J. A., ser. 9, T. 16, 
p. 203; T. 17, p. 197. Thus also Salisbury, JAOS, VII, p. 75 [76] and 79 [81]. — 

3 For others see Marcais, J. A. ser. 9, T. 16, 203; T. 17, p. 202 ff.; T. 18 p. 76. — 

4 See p. 14. It is interesting to note that the date of the recitation is sometimes 
given; cp. Juynboll, Le Livre de VImpot Fonder de Yaliya b. Adam p. 26 etc. 
It would seem from the use of ahbarana that the book was taken down by a 
listener; see previous two notes. — 5 Died at the age of 97 in the year 416 A. H. 
Suyntl, I, 175. — ° H. H., I, 188. 



11 

manuscript of the futuh misr, the conquest of Egypt, by Abu-1-Qasim 
'Abd ar-Rahman b. 'Abd al-Hakam at Paris, a collection of brief biographies 
of the qadis of Egypt is to be found. 1 This forms the sixth of the seventh 
parts of the futuh misr and covers 21 pages of about the same size as 
those of the British Museum manuscript of the qudat misr by al-Kindl. 
The account in the Paris manuscript stops at the same year 218 A. H., as 
the account by al-Kindl in the British Museum. A still more noteworthy 
fact is that the narrative begins after giving the number of the chapter 

U«oLJt *-j^\ an( l the hutba *a©»Ji o*^~J^ * (*"** w ^ J^ iV^^ 
[Xxc LolX^* JUS aJJi lXac qJ 0*^~J^ ^^ j*-*"^ J^ Lj&X^ lXj^X's qJ 

m m w * O -£ w 

w -Cm 

jJL*5 xJLc ail J -JLa» aJUl Jj^j. Throughout the remainder of 

the text the majority of the isnads commence with 'Abd ar-Rahman, that is 
b. 'Abdallah b. 'Abd al-Hakam, the third authority given in the introductory 
isnad just given. The only exceptions are the final note ^\ ^Xsl\ »jj jlS 

lX*>I qJ *jjl*> ^3 if^" is**^* ^*- J"^ ^*^ J*^ o^lsli l\j^5 

pAs. aJLJ! JUs aJJf l U^, u;L<^>oi -yo jo^ and a few instances where 
Yahya b. Buhair and Sa'Id b. 'Ufair are mentioned alone. These probably 
depend upon the preceeding isnads introduced by 'Abd ar-Rahman. The 
whole was doubtlessly collected by him and afterwards redacted by 'All 
b. al-Hasan b. Qudaid al-Azdi. The cursory comparison of it with 
al-Kindi' s account of the qadis in the British Museum manuscript which 
I have been able to make, shows that much of the material in the former 
has gone over into the latter. Here it is cited as coming from Ibn Qudaid 
who had it from 'Abd ar-Rahman. Numerous other sources, however, have 
been used by al-Kindl, by means of which our author has been enable 
to enlarge upon his subject. 



1 Charles C. Torrey, The Muhammedan Conquest of Egypt and North Africa, 
in Biblical and Semitic Studies [Yale Bicentennial Publications], N. Y. 1901, p. 279, 
has called attention to this collection. — 2 Thus Ms. 



12 

The second part commences on folio 215 a, 

In the name of Allah the merciful and compassionate, in whom 
their is aid and protection. Narrative of the history of the qadis 
who held office thereafter to our time, composed by Abu-1-Hasan 
Ahmad b. 'Abd ar-Rahman b. Burd. Abu-1-Hasan has informed us, that 
Muhammad b. ar-Rabl' b. Sulaiman al-GlzI has reported, Bakkar b. 
Qutaiba held office in Egypt appointed by al-Mutawakkil ; he entered 
the country Friday the 8 th of (jrumada II, 246 etc. 

This treatise dealing with the qadis from Bakkar b. Qutaiba to 'All 
b. an-Nu'man was apparently written by Abu-1-Hasan Ahmad b. Abd- 
ar-Rahman b. Burd. Of this author's life nothing is known to me. Indeed, 

from the authorities quoted in the narrative — 1. jjlxif J^f ^ $***£>) 

3. w*.xa^ ^ ^..^L* -JoA> 4. ^jji! qJ Jw-^u Li^A.55*! 5. ^\ J JLS 

«3y 6. v^ajw^j ^j (-\^«^^i **^ bi c^*+w and 7. inspeaking of Abu-t-Tahir 

Muhammad b. Ahmad *£**>* — especially if the Ibn Burd just given be 
the same as Abul -Hasan Ahmad b. 'Abd ar-Rahman, it would seem that 
the present form is not the work of this author, but rather a redacted 
copy by someone who was personally acquainted with him. 

The third part, the author of which is not given, repeats the last two 
qadis mentioned by Abu-1-Hasan in its opening lines [fol. 222b]: 

In the name of Allah the merciful and the compassionate, from 
whom there is aid, protection, might and power. The last addition 
to Abu 'Umar Muhammad b. Yusuf al-Kindi's book dealing with the 
history of the qadis of Egypt. And Muhammad b. Ahmad as-Sadusi, 
who was given the hunya Abul-Tahir had taken up office in Rabi 
I, 347 as an appointee of al-Ustad Kafur. Then after him Abu- 
1-Hasan 1 'All b. Nu'man b. Muhammad b. Hayyun 1 held office, al-'Aziz- 
billah al-Hakim reappointing him, the notification being read from 
the pulpit of the 6ami' al-'Atiq in Fustat on Friday the 9 th of 
Safar 366 etc. 

Other qadis mentioned in this third part are Abu 'Abdallah Muhammad 
b. al-Nu'man, 2 'Abd al-Aziz b. Muhammad b. al-Nu'man, 3 Malik b. Sa'Id 
b. 'Uht al-Fariql, 4 Abu-l-'Abbas Ahmad b. 'Abd ar-Rahman who was known 
as Ibn [Abi] al-'Awwam, 5 Abu Muhammad al-Qasim b. 'Abd al-'AzIz b. 
Muhammad b. al-Nu'man, G Abu-1-Fath 'Abd al-Hakim b. Sa'Id b. Sa'Id 
al-Fariql, 7 and Abu Bakr Ahmad b. 'Ubaidallah b. Muhammad b. Ishaq, who 
held office at Tinnis. 

1 R. Gottheil, J A OS, XXVII, 229, 238 reads both al-Hasan and al-Husain. 
Suyuti, II, 101, Abu-1-Hasan probably incorrectly. — 2 R. Gottheil, JAOS, XXVII, 
231, 232. — 3 SuyutI, II, 102. — 4 SuyutI, II, 102. — 5 The Abi not in text; see 
Suyuti, II, 102. — 6 R. Gottheil, JAOS, XXVII. 236. — 7 Suyuti, II, 106. 



13 

A comparison of the beginning of the history of the qadis by al-Kindi 
and that of the governors shows a difference in the manner in which they 
were edited. The opening of the latter, "Abu 'Umar al-Kindi has written 
this book etc." makes it probable that we have a copy of the original as 
it was written by al-Kindi. The treatment of the subject of the qadis 
differs slightly from that of the governors. The history of the governors, 
on the one hand, is not divided into chapters. That of the qadis, on the 
other, has no separate headings to the paragraphs devoted to each office- 
holder as is the case with those dealing with the governors from 'Amr b. 
al-'AsI to Muhammad b. 'Abd ar-Kahman [fol. 2 b — 51b]. From this last 
governor to the end each new appointee is merely given a separate para- 
graph, a form followed throughout the qudat misr. The facts narrated 
concerning the office-holder have a certain stereotype form. In the case 
of the qadis their appointer, generally the calif, is mentioned first. Then the 
date of their taking up office is given. Hereupon annecdotes to illustrate 
the character and the rulings of the men are introduced. The paragraph 
ends with the date the office was vacated by its holder. The treatment 
of the governors is practically the same. The chief difference, of course, 
lies in the subject matter. The appointer of the governor is the calif. 
The appointee either takes up the position himself or sends a substitute. 
Immediately in connection with this, mention is made whether he is merely 
to act as governor or is to hold the position of police commissioner and 
tax collector in addition. Where the governor is a substitute, these last 
two positions are not given him. In other cases, the governor seldom 
assumes the responsibilities of all three, but appoints separate men to 
conduct these departments of the administration. After having stated 
which of these things took place, the narrative continues with the events 
which occurred during the governor's term and which have an immediate 
bearing on the history of Egypt. The whole sketch is closed with the 
date of the governor's retirement and a summing up of the time he 
held office. 

Throughout the umaru misr, al-Kindi takes especial care to prefix 
a chain of authorities to each fact narrated in it. Towards the end the 
isnads occur less frequently and finally only one authority is given — 
'All b. al-Hasan b. Halaf b. Qudaid, from whom MaqrM 1 states al-Kindi 
collected traditions. Of Ibn Qudaid's life little is known to me except the 
fact that he tradited on the authority of lbn 'Abd al-Hakam and that he, 
according to Ibn Makula, is supposed to have been the author of 
a la'rlk misr. The exact dates of his birth and death, I have failed 
to find. Suyuti, 2 however, mentions an 'All b. al-Hasan b. Farqad 

1 See p. 1, n. 5. — 2 Suy., I, 173. 



14 

Abu-1-Qasirn al-Misrl, a transmittor of traditions whose teachers were 
Muhammad b. Rumh and Harmala and whose death is placed in the 
year 312 A. H. [924/25 A. D.] at the age of 87. A comparison of Ibn 
Qudaid's name as given by al-Kindl, Maqrizi and Ibn Makula 1 with that 
of Ibn Farqad shows that both agree with the exception of Qudaid and 
Farqad. Now the death of Muhammad b. Rumh was in 242 A. H. 
[856/57 A. D.] 2 and that of Harmala in 243 A. H. [857/58 A. D.]. 3 If 
Ibn Farqad, then, lived early enough to have known these two men, he 
also was a comtemporary of 'Abd ar-Rahman b. 'Abdallah b. 'Abd al-Hakam 
[f 257 A. H., 871 A. D.]. 4 It is he, as mentioned above, who was the in- 
structor of Ibn Qudaid. If Ibn Qudaid and Ibn Farqad should be one and the 
same, the variant being due to a scribal error or perhaps to an incorrect 
edition of the text, the date of Ibn Qudaid would be established. In any 
case he must have lived at this time, as is evident from the use of sami'tu 
in connection with the citation of his name as an authority for events of 
the year 291 A. H. [903/4 A. B.]. 

In all Ibn Qudaid is mentioned fifty-three times. In fourty of these he 
is introduced with the expression haddatani, three with haddatana, five with 
ahharani, once with qala and once with samitu. Since this latter phrase 
might imply that had the following fact orally, the other phrases might 
likewise be interpreted as implying an oral transmission and as having 
the same sense as in the hadit. Haddatani would then mean that Ibn 
Qudaid read the narrative to al-Kindl alone, 5 and haddatana that he read 
it in class with others present. 6 Ahharani on the other hand would 
denote that al-Kindl read the passage to Ibn Qudaid privately 7 and qala 
would equal either haddatani [-na] or ahharani [-na]. 8 That such is the 
manner in which al-Kindl collected his material is uncertain, since 
it is a well known fact that even when a rawl received a tradition in 
a written form or read it in a book, he used haddatani and ahharani and 
the like without mentioning the book. He even said sami'tu. 9 Indeed, 
Ibn Qudaid is known to have reedited the futuh misr of Ibn 'Abd al- 
Hakam, and Ibn Makula, 10 when he states that Ibn Qudaid wrote a tdrlh 
misr doubtlessly refers to this redaction, 11 of which because Ibn Qudaid is 

1 See text p. 2, d. 3. — 2 Tagribardl, I, 739. — s al-Hazragi, Hulasa Tadhib al- 
Kamal [Cairo, 1322] p. 63, line 4 from bottom. — 4 BrockelmanD, Gesch.Arab. Lit. 
1, 148. See text p. 5, u. 1. — * Salisbury, JAOS, VII, 79; ZDMG, XXXVIII, 383. 
Goldziher, ZDMG, L, 498, d. 1. — 6 JAOS, VII, 79; Marcais, J A, ser. 9, T., 17, 
p. 203. Hartmann, ZA, XIX, 343. — 7 J A, ser. 9, T., 17, p. 203. — 8 J A, ser. 9, 
T., 16, p. 195. ZA, XIX, 343. — ° J A, ser. 9, T., 17, p. 228. ZDMG, X, 8. — 
10 See text p. 2, n. 3. — 1X Zeit. z. Kunde d. Morgenld. Ill, H. 3., p. 329 ff., 
335, n. 5. Compare a somewhat parallel case in regard to the futuh as-sam by Abu 
Isma'll Muhammad b. 'Abdallah al-Azdl. Wiistenfeld, Geschichtsschreiber , p. 9. 



often cited as the author, a confusion of authorship probably due to the fact 
that Ibn Qudaid added new passages to the work and in doing so 
joined his name to them. Whether the redacted copy of the futiih 
misr is meant by Ibn Makula or not, al-Kindl since Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's 
name follows that of Ibn Qudaid in several isnads, must have had access 
to this either in a written form or heard it read privately or in public. 
Other names following Ibn Qudaid's are 'Ubaidallah b. Sa'id b. 'Ufair 
al-Ansari, Yahya b. 'Utman b. Salih, Harun b. Sa'Td b. al-Haitam, 'All 
b. Ahmad b. Sulaiman, Abu Nasr Ahmad b. 'All b. Salih and 'All b. 'Umar. 
In the case, of Yahya b.'Utman b. Salih, since al-Kindl uses the pharses [Fol.l99b] : 
LoA^> or ^A> and q^a^ q.j i**^ V^ o c ^^ o$ iV-T 5 "^ 

it appears likely that Ibn Qudaid quotes him at first hand. Until a 
complete edition of the futiih misr is accessable it is impossible to deter- 
mine whether any of the others were originally quoted by Ibn 'Abd al- 
Hakam himself. In fact it would not be surprising at all that a greater 
part of tbem was cited by him. If such is the case, the neglect of 
this author by al-Kindl may be due to the fact that he obtained his 
material from Ibn Qudaid according to one of the many methods 2 em- 
ployed in transmitting the hadit; — methods, which, according to SuyutT, 
were adopted in Egypt by the huffaz al-luga of al-Kindl's time. 3 That 
these were also in vogue among Egyptian historians of this period is 
evident from the manner in which al-Kindl cites his authorities in the 
umar a!" misr, from the form of his qudat misr and from the occurrence 
of his name in the Paris manuscript of the futuh misr.* An explanation 
of this latter peculiarity, only seems possible if one of the rules, perhaps 
8:L>-! applied to the transmission of the hadit has been followed. 

The remaining authorities who seem to be cited at first hand are 
twenty-one in all. As Yahya b. 'Utman b. Salih whom Ibn Qudaid, as we 
have seen, cites, is found among these, it is not at all improbable that 
many of these are cited at second hand. Unfortunately, I have been 
unable to place many of these, and give merely the list: 1. Ahmad 
b. al-Harit b. Maskin, whose father died in the year 253 A. H. [867 A. D.] ; 5 
2. Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Salama al-Azdi, a qadi of Fustat and composer 
of a history; 6 3. Abu Bisr ad-Daulabi, i. e. Muhammad b. Ahmad, the 
author of a history of the califs; 7 4. Bimut b. M.; 5. al-Hasan b. Mu- 
hammad al-Madaniy 6. al-Husain b. Ya l qub at-Tugibi, al-Kindl's uncle ; s 

1 Goldziher, ZDMG, L, 498f. — 2 JA, ser. 9, 1901, p. 195ff. — 8 Goldziher, 
Site. d. K. Acad. d. Wiss. z. Wien, LX1X, 7—28. — 4 JA, s6*r. 9, 1901, p. 197 f. — 
5 See text p. 2, n. 2. — 6 Wiistenfeld, Geschicht p. 33. — 7 I c. p. 33. — 8 See 
p. 7, n. 2. 



16 

7. Zayan b. Hablb al-Hadraml ; 8. Sa'id b. Hasim b. Martad; 9. As- 
Sakan b. Muhammad b. as-Sakan at-Tugibi; 10. Abu Salma Usama at- 
Tugibi; 1 11. l Asim b. Razih b. Ragab al Haulam; 12. Al- Abbas b. Mu- 
hammad \ 13. k Abd al-Malih b. Yahya b. ( Abdallah b. Bukair, whose 
father died in 231 A. H. [845/6 A.D.]; 14. 'Ubaidallah b. 'Umar b. 
as- Sarah; 15. Abu 'All-, 16. l Ali b. Sa'id-, 17. Muhammad b. 'Abd 
al-Warit b. Garir\ 18. Muhammad b. Musa al-Hadrami] 19. Musa 
b. Hasan b. Musa al-Hadrami; 20. Yahya b. ''Alt b. Abi Mu'awiya 
at- Tugibi. 

The last mention of a source made by al-Kindl in the umara' misr 
is on folio 109 a, where Ibn Qudaid is cited with the use of samtitu (I have 
heard) in connection with events of the year 291, H. (903/4 A. D.) eight 
years after the birth of al-Kindi. From this point on, it would seem as 
if al-Kindi were narrating contemporary events. The style is the same 
throughout to folio 131a. Here the upper left hand margin contains a 
note that the history of the governors of Egypt as composed by al-Kindi 
ended at this point and that Ibn Zulaq 2 continued it from there. When 
reading over the text following this gloss, one notices a marked change 
in the style of the narrative. The most striking difference from the 
preceeding is the way the dates are given. Throughout the manuscript 
to this folio, only the cardinal numbers are used. From folio 131a to 
the end, however, they are part in ordinals and part in cardinals. The 
ordinals especially replace the cardinals when the days of the month are 
given. Taking this peculiarity into account together with the position of 
the note, one might suppose that the glossator meant that the original 
work of al-Kindi stopped at the year 335 A. H. in which the news of 
Muhammad b. Turgs death reached Fustat. It is exceedingly doubtful 
whether the ensuing text is that of Ibn Zulaq's continuation of this work, 
as the facts narrated on the margin are said to be narrated in its be- 
ginning. The possibility of course remains that this statement might mean 
the introduction, and that these folios 131a — 134 a are the beginning of 
the narrative proper which Ibn Zulaq is known to have written from the 
quotations from it in Haqrlzl's hitat. Here it is called tatimmat hitab 
umarct misr lil-Kindi or itmam umara misr. s 

Of al-Kindi's other instructor in traditions an-Nasa'I no mention is 
made in the umarct misr Born 215 A. H. [830 A. D.] at Nasa in Hurasan, 
Abu 'Abd ar-Rahman Ahmad b. Su'aib b. 'All b. Sinan b. Yahya 4 was 
one of the formost traditionalits of his time. In his search for material, 
his travels which he began at the age of fifteen, took him to Naisabur, 5 



1 Y. I, 827. — 2 R. Gottheil, JAOS, XXVIII, pt. 2. — 3 Hitat, II, 25 16 , 
137 s5 , 170 2 . — 4 BrockelmanD, I, 161. — B Tagribardl, I, 197. 



17 

'Iraq, Egypt, the Higaz and GazTra. 1 In Egypt, an-Nasa'i took up his 
abode in the Zuqaq al-Qanadll, 2 Fustat. Here, together with four wives and 
an enormous retinue of servants, he led a most pious life. He is said by some 
to have fasted on alternate days. Others praise him for his zeal in 
carrying out the day and night prayers upon which Muhammad laid so 
much stress. As a scholar, he is said to have excelled all others of his 
time by his profound knowledge of law, strenghtened by his ability to 
recognize sound traditions due to his acquaintance with those which came 
from a follower of Muhammad and the chain of men who vouched for 
them. Of his works, the kitab as-sunan al-Jcabir 3 ranks among the 
greatest productions of the Muhammadan legal and religous literature. 
This book the author himself abridged and gave the title kitab as-sunan 
as-saglr. * It is known also as kitab al-mugtaba. The fadctil sa-sihaba, 5 
dealing with the excellent qualities of the companions of the prophet, the 
kitab ad-du l afa 6 on untrustworthy traditionalists, the musnad 'Alt and the 
musnad Malik, 1 indices of the rawis to Malik b. Anas' kitab al-muwatta, 
are other products of an-Nasa'i. Whether all of these were written in 
Egypt before his departure for Damuscus in 302 A. H. is unknown. Here, 
upon his entrance into the city's mosque, he was quizzed as to his know- 

V 

ledge of Mu'awia. A strict Si'ite in belief, an-Nasa'i praised the virtues 
of 'All b. Abl Talib. His questioners, incensed at his answer, persecuted 
him and drove him from the mosque. To win them over and in the 
hope that Allah might lead his opposers to his way of thinking, an-Nasa'i 
composed the kitab al-kasa l is ft fadl 'Alt b. Abl Talib, a collection of 
traditions dealing with 'All and his descendants. 8 An-Nasa'i, however, does 
not seem to had much success, for he soon left this city for Ramla in 
Palestine, where he died in 303 A. H. [915/6 A. DJ. 9 

Thus we have seen that al-Kmdi's instructors, Ibn Qudaid and an- 
Nasa'I, died when he was at the age of twenty and thirty respectively. 
His pupil Ibn an-Nahhas was born in 319 A. H. Hence there can be no 
doubt that Abu 'Umar Muhammad b. Yusuf al-Kindl lived at the end of 
the third and the beginning of the fourth century of the Higra. Indeed, 
the date of his death given by HaggI Halifa 10 in connection with the qudat 
misr is merely based on the fact that the book ends with this year. 
Especially is this true since in a latter passage he gives the date as 
350 A. H. [961/2 A. D.J. 11 That this date is more correct is evident from the 

1 SubkT, Tabaqat ad-Safilya, II, 84. Cairo, 1312, in 4 vols. — 2 Ibn Duqniaq, 
I, 13. — 3 Ahlwardt, I, 1252. Published, Delhi, 1850 and Cairo 1312. — * Subkl, 
1. c. — 5 Subkl, I. c. For mss. see Brockelmann, I. c. — 6 Suyutl, I, 163. — 
7 Suyutl, I. c. Aba-1-Fida, II, 329. — s Subkl, II, 84. — e The exact place 
of his death is doubtful. In the above I have followed Subkl and Suyutl. — 
10 II, 146. — " HIJ. Ill, 160. 

2 



18 

umara misr 1 which as we have seen probably ends with the year 335 A. H. 
Doubtlessly Suyutl is correct when he states that al-Kindi nourished at 
the time of Kafur the Ihside. With this the year 350 A. H. given in the 
sketch on folio 134 a and in Maqrizl's muqaffa agree to all intents and 
purposes. The statements of Ibn Muyassar and al-Faganl quoted in them 
may be taken as truth, Abu 'Umar Muhammad b. Yusuf b. Ya'qub al- 
Kindl died on Tuesday the second of Ramadan 350 A. H. and was buried 
in the Musalla 'Absun at Fustat. 2 



II. 

The following text containing the kitab tasmiyat wilat misr is 
here edited from photographs of folios la — 134a and 137a — 138b of the 
Br. Mus. Or. Ms. Add. 23, 324, 3 bearing as the date and place of its com- 
pletion, Damascus, Monday the fifth of Safar 624, A. H. [Jan. 25. 1227]. 4 This 
manuscript likewise contains the history of the qadis of Egypt [fol. 134 b 
— 225 a] which I have mentioned above. In the following discription, I 
shall merely endeavor to supplement as far as I am able the discription given 
in the British Museum Catalogue of Oriental Manuscripts. Upon the upper 
left hand corners of folios 2a, 11a, 12a, 31a, 41a, 49a, 59a, 67a, 77a, 
87a, 97a, 105a, 116a, 126a, 136a, 146a, 156a, 166a, 176a, 186a, 196a, 
206a, 216a, are written the words iLolS*, i&JLa, etc. until the last [216a] 
...j-Ac^ xiiLS* presumably refering to number the quires contained in the 
manuscript. Hence the majority of the quires contained ten leaves, the 
exceptions being the fifth, seventh and twelfth. As folios 137 — -138b 
belong to the fifth, the fifteenth must be subsituted for the twelfth. 

The fly leaf [fol. la] originally contained five, possibly six notes — 
one at the top; four one under the other on the left side of the page; 
and a sixth presumably written from the bottom to the top. As my 
photograph of this page is very poor, I shall omit these. As far as I 
can make out, they contain the names of former posessors of the manuscript. 
Upon the middle of the following page, which appears to have been 
besmudged with a dark substance, two and a half lines have been inscribed. 
On the upper half of folio 2a, eight lines with diacritical points have been 
written by the scribe. Here an attempt seems to have been made to erase 
al-Kindi's name. To the left of this announcement, which states that the 
book has been written for Sa'd ad -Din Abu 'Abdallah Muhammad b. al- 

1 See p. 16 f. — 2 See p. 1, n. 5 and p. 19f. — 8 A description of this 
manuscript has been published in the Catalogus codd. Mss. qui in Musaeo 
Brittannico asservantur pars II cod. arab. amplectens 3 vol. London 1876 — 79, 
vol. II, p. 528. — 4 Fol. 225 a; See, Cat. Mss. Br. Mus. vol. II, p. 528. 



19 

Amir Husam ad-Din Sunqar b. 'Abdallah al-Malaki al-Mu'azzami, the remains 
of a note are visible. The lower half of the page contains an interesting 
sketch of al-Kindl's life. This brief biography, consisting of eighteen lines 
in a course script with scarcely any vowels or diacritical points, and 
beginning in the lower right-hand corner, so that the lines run up the page 
until they meet those of the scribe, has suffered on account of dampness. 
Fortunately this life has been repeated in twenty-one lines on folio 134 a, 
where its position and orthographical character are of a similar nature. This 
latter passage has likewise been tampered with. This time it is the nisba 
al-Kindl, to which I have called attention at the beginning of this intro- 
duction, 1 which has been crossed out with a pen three times. Even though 
this does not occur on fol. 2 a, which I have used as far as possible as the 
basis of the following text, I have indicated by means of brackets wherever 
it appears on fol. 134 a, from which the variants given in the notes are taken. 

viULo ^j J /slc j&2 *.^j yU p|$ y 1 ^ q* S )"j x ^ ^ & o* Er** 3 o^ 

3 - MM 

QAiU^ O^LS JCaav ajJyOj ^Uf jAJWj (jJjJl ^1^>U UjLc ^15^ VjWjjJ Q^l 

9 Jl*l> aJUi **£>, juI+aaS^ QAAv.4.i> K.aav ^LcorfO. Q^li ^J*} 8 !•*£*■* ^ 

jour ^3 wis jki xasj M *^ajb ^ 19 y** *i l 11 *^ y3 io ur 

1 See p. 2f. — 2 Thus on fol. 2 a and 134 a of the Br. Mus. Ms. — 8 Thus 
fol. 134 a. On fol. 2 a this might be read ^5j*ii <->^. See p. 1, n. 5. — 4 See 
p. 1, n. 5. Perhaps better to read with Yaqut I, 827: *«<JLav qJ r^if* ^*^ 

\jp, ^ and insert (j*_av^! ^j ^5*-^ J^5» — 5_5 Omitted; see p. 1, n. 5. — 
6 Ibu Duraid, 221, 1., 12; ms. a **Jl . — 7 - 7 ^Utf. J&j&s Jak^J! U^JX 
iiU3 .a£. J\ joa sLiai' J*±s>\} Jsju>J) ^^y »y«^ *-^j*^ oU^-bJi 
Jo<^ *aa& O^) r^^3 5 C P- P- 20, n. 4 — 4. — 8 With the exception of this 
date, fol. 134a uses numerals throughout. — 9 *Ji£. — 10 !JoC$>. — u Omitted. 
— 12 Tag ad-Din Muhammad b. 'All b. Yusuf b. Muyassar al-Qadl al-Fadil, 
pied 677 H.; see C. H. Becker, Beitrage zur Geschichte Agyptens, Strassburg, 
1902, vol. I, p. 18. - " ^JLJ # 

C 2* 



20 

\Ju^*) juUaJL^ l^***»9 &.*& **** Bj^LfiJ! j*Ii J^>^ J* j^avo tlycf *</*! MwX* 
Jaiaii ^v-jU^ &aAJLaj' ^y^ ^3 Li" s KJUaJL$2 q**«.+> 3 &aav aulsj i*i*JS! 

ju» oS^jfi 3H *j^ ^t 4 juiii \ 3 y> «j*^ JjytJi ou^i vjLks; ^^ 

JU>y £ ^^xkily^ ^j l\a^ *^V*> ^•t)^ J^ £ 5 j>^_/Ji v\*>l qJ Jit 
oUIao* a^ «;j.*% ^JUftlj *tol$ wXJLJb (j*LJ5 ^Jlfii q^ c) l/ [^lXa&I] *c -j! 

£a.a*3 Vj*^ (»_^*J ULc juIavU &Ia£J| f**^ *^ajlX.£s- v^^H ^^ v*.aw.aJU 
v-a^lX-* J.c *j&aj ^l^j ».a/> *+m*} *j+c- jZ>\ g CJcX.s>5 «j**^ -jLav.aJ| q* 

^j! ^C ^5^ ^aajLo^ Q * i U% C^bLS Aaaw 6 j^J| |»^J 81X^*3 ^aaSLxJI 

&j£ A.AAV [(^^XaXJI] ^A£ jj| iXJj JjJij J*" Q$ f*^J^ OOtAAV ^ AaJUI 

jJ^ 9 ^^3; O^ J\-^ (J^j^W ^-^ ^j** L^>^5 '»\Xa5^ vJwlfr j^-H 

The narrative proper dealing with the Wilat Misr extends from folio 
2 b to 133 a to which folios 137 and 138 must be added. On each side 
of these folios seventeen lines in a clear Nashi script are found. The text 
has for the most part been carefully supplied with diacritical points and 
sporadically vocalized. The orthographical peculiarities are such as are 
found to a greater or less extent in arabic manuscripts. Thus the letter 
leaf is at times written in the kufic style ^s. In the majority of cases, 
however, where it occurs at the beginning and in the middle of a word, 
the scribe uses the form f, frequently omitting the upper stroke [v\], 

*-» Omitted. — 2 Lp ^ inserted after this word. — 8 - s Omitted. — *- 4 Cp. p. 19, 
n. 7 — 7. — 5 Becker, I. c. vol.1, p. 11 — 12, places the date of his death after 371 A.H. 
See p. 3, n. 1 ; Subkl, II, 135. — 6 Cat cod. d. Mss. Mus. Brit. vol. II, p. 549. 
Fol. 134 a clearly reads *^\JLrj. Fol. 2 a however seems to me to read as above. 
See p. 1, n. 5. — 7 See p. 10. — 8 Died 412 A. H.; cp. Suyutl, Husn al- 
Muhadara, vol. I, p. 165. — 9 See p. 16. 



21 

Indeed, when final, kaf resembles lam to so great an extent that, were 
it not for the sense demanded by the word wherein it occurs, it would 
be impossible to distinguish the two consonants from each other. In 
marked contrast with this confusing authography is the diligence with 
which the scribe has added Certain signs in the case of other letters, to 
avoid any such confusion. With very few exceptions ha is differentiated 
from ha , by rewriting the former in a smaller size below the line and 
final ha from ha' at-taniih by placing its initial form over it. 1 In two 
cases sin has the three dots of the sin added in a reversed order beneath 
it. 2 Then again the use of hemza alone or with elif waw and ya, is 
rarely found. Where it occurs, it has for the most part been added by 

a later hand. Thus L> £, equal pL>. ^ J^ and \ stands for \ [(j*L 

= v*j] , 3 for 5 [&L>&> = r^^, lwoj = u-sSJ and h for 3 [u-^i; 
= (j^o ]. Throughout the medda, wesla and suhun, as well as numerous 

vowel signs are later additions. Of the last tbe hesra is drawn slanting 
down to the left, thus enabling the reader to distinguish it from a fetha 
of the following line. As a still further aid, the final long vowel T, which 

in a very few instances is written defectively [(j^lxJl — ^olxJi], has two 

points placed under it. 3 These dots, which in some modern prints, especially 
those issued at Bairut, are used to distinguish the long vowel I from the 
elif maqsura,* are in our manuscript inserted under both. In the first form 
of the verbs whose third radical is ya or waw, the elif maqsura commonly 
used to distinguish the final ya verbs from the final waw, is represented by 
an elif. In the derived forms of these verbs, it is written either with an 
elif or a ya. The punctuation consists of two signs; the first, resembling 
an initial ha 5 extended below the line and then curved up towards the 
right corresponds to our period ; the second, two parallel lines drawn slanting 
from right to left [//] is found in other manuscripts. Its signification, 
however is unknown to me. 

The margins are well covered with glosses. These are divisable into 
corrections by the scribe and by later hands, a lexicographical note intro- 

duced by the styreotype ^i [i. e.], citations from other authors, numerous 
indications of the matter treated in the text, and one orthoepic note 
found on folio 11a. To the same hand which has written the last, most 
of the marginal indications may be attributed. These, in the majority of 

1 Wright's Arabic Grammar [3rd ed.], vol. I, p. 4. — * ZDMG, XVIII, 287 
and 781. J. A. se*rie, 9, vol. 17, pp. 525—528. — 3 Wright, vol. I, p. 10. — 
4 Wright, vol. I, p. 4, note. — 5 Doubtlessly an abbreviation of ,r£^. 



22 

cases, refer to a new governor and to the death and proclamation of a 
calif. Of less frequent occurence are referrences to the erection of a 
building or a nilometer, the alteration of a mosque, the increase of taxes 
and the like. The form of these notes is the same throughout, merely a 
few words with a line over them placed opposite the line where the topic 
commences. These I have omitted. 

Of greater interest are the extracts from the history of al-Kindl's 
contemporary Ibn Yunus and the hitat of al-Quda'l, written opposite the 
lines of the text which they either supplement or contradict. Abu 'Abdallah 
Muhammad b. Salama b. Sa'far al-Quda'I 1 a doctor of the Safi'ite sect. 

1 Becker, Gesch. Egypt, u. d. Isl., vol. I, pp. 19 — 21. Brockelmann, Gesch. 
Arab. Liter atur, I, p. 343. Wiistenfeld, Geschichtsschreiber 199. MaqrizI, 
muqaffa, Leiden 870, for the copy of which I am also indebted to Dr. 

Juynboll, gives the following sketch: ^ -ic ^ j»*> ^ a^Iav ^j cX*^ 9 

<JjAott ^d-A^ail *XJi i\ac jj\ *U*aw« ^J <Xfr^ qJ <**^J^ O* OJ - *"^* 

-JLc ^ \\+zA qJ \\+^ {X»*a ^j*\ qC ^5j^ ^ytoUJI -*sUaJI ^xiiait 

^iAil Jw4.^ qJ <-\.A>f (j^LxJi -jU, JL&/0iAJf ^Lm^^mJI ^j ^j*"}* o* 

uX.A>f y*L*Ji -^3 _k.sli*. uXaAav qJ iC**^ ^ ft ^^ ^b [Ms. (^A-il] 

^^t j»^l^ ^ Jl£Ji j***^ ^==- ,jX^L>5 jj^Xaa^^ v-jlg-AJU, ^jyiit j***^' 

m £■ £■ « 

_XJL& OlcLfwJj jAA^ oLo^f oUaJI Q-» ^l^J ^AjLb -ji qJ -AC ^.AA^il 

jj?5 v^xLii yCj j.ji &ac ^3j3 oUxs^li »Aac xJUiS" ^^y oLflAcbl^ »-^^ -xlt 

i= » M P 

^o qJ J^m ^j^5 j.j!_5 ^cXaa^JI iJlil *aaC y\} p^i'Lo qJ y^ai 

^*v. *3jj| oUaJ ULa^ uaawcO Jl j»iAs ^A/it X.iiS ^ ^Lav.c ^jt JLSj 
xaX^Uwvi q-» j^i^ j*a-^ aLcofiJl twaJL^. ^JS j***a j^i JLjJj j^a^ ^s>Iaj> (^» 



23 

and a qadi of Egypt was a compilor of various works. Chief of these is his 
universal history from the creation to the year 423 A. H. known as hitab 
hiyun al-md-arif. With this, the hitab al-anba! l ala al-anbiyd wa tawarih 

w P «».>«. P 

^.L ^ v_aaJ?. ^*aav^ sysb (j^jUJi r^i l\*c j ^U c ? ~J> 
s?j ^.xsUJf v^^lX* ^ac I^ass ^b" ^yU ^1 JlSji oU .c^ ^LofiJi 
See] a!^ l5j^T. q' 3 j* 2 ** jt (Jj c^tA^ oiaaO} j^Jlc sc\c ^ U^a^o *US 

P p w ». P 

Bjaj>! waJLj^X^ ^aJLa^II v^bci" <j;;ijJl aJlit A*c jj! *aac c.**^ [p. 26 n. 1 

*Aaa>- -jj JJLn:> V^5 [Wiist. 172] l\a*^ ^j -*iJl l\ac ^aao* ^c xj 
i s. p * c 

P J W P m w 

[Not in ms.] ^aj ^jb OjC ^lXxavJI .^a^! ^ t-X^! qJ iAa^ 9 ^j jJJl Awx 

n « P «• P P M 

*JJi cXaax: ^j ,c*-^?. Q^ <Aa^ ^yi l\^1 (j*b*j{ .5^ q c H 8 j^»^*^ f!>*^ 

- p M p p 

* M W ' P 

^OCftJi bt c>.*vw dy^i &A&&Ji ^\+^ ^ jJUf jaoj ^\aaJ1 bt oou* J^Lwac 

p - I 

^y* 'xS$j.l\ & <jJj.r>LXi y>$\ Jji Ji [Ms. ^/i^c] ^>i?j*j *J xil ^^*J »jL>^fb 
bi ^AtoUii ciAjt^v, ^y^JUaJi ^sIav ^j »Aa^ yb jj| jLs 3 ^Ajyali J^aS 

\±>Mj Uli buXjII! Oja^^>^ aJJb -AaAAAv.!! J^'i q-» ^-^j [?] 4Mj^^ j»j>j^^ 
c^ao! liUIl J: jUs Jotai <jry>! jau^?. ^1 (jfcijait y>b oUail ^taxJl si^JL*^* 
vi^JJii oLaaJ! vi^i"! ^j jUi s^aXAAwo xU^ bi \&S3b kaXm*j ^J ii)J^ »a* 
Jaji^ U JaaAJI q^ JlS xil ^avj naac ^Xil JUo ^.ajJI -il '-^y t^*^? 
; lA^>b Jlil ^ [Ms. V^] oj 1 ^ y 3 ^ y^ 1 ^ ^^ CP L5y « A5Ui CT 

JO m m m m 

qaav»a3>3 q-^-oI AiAav gJS -c\.Kas}\ ..I yi^^ii ^! j^'Aj i »-*-*^ cr* ^fi^t^j 
1 Ms. illegible de Goeje has suggested the above reading. 



24 

al'hulafcL mentioned by Abu-1-Fida 1 and given by Brockelmann as a separate 
work of al-Quda'T is identical. For a comparison of the two manuscripts 
of the kitab l uyun al-mdarif at Paris and the copy of the kitab al-inba 
'aid al-anbiya etc. at Berlin, 2 which I have made shows that the material 
and its treatment are the same in all three. That these are in the original 
form as composed by al-Quda'i is doubtful, as the colophon of Paris 

Ms. Arabe, 1490 fol. 122b states yaX^i] ^j,LaJ| *j". The subject matter 
which at times is nothing more than the enumeration of proper names 
gives one the impression that all three are abridgements of a larger work 
and that the writers of the notes on fol. 4 a of Paris Ms. Arabe 1490, 

8 U^i 0U5 £ o b0L> a ^i r ^S *A* JjtJ U ^JU yox^i\ U* Jt ~ b) 

j jaZ£? and ^\ ilj^ ^15 * yaX^ |jO 3! ^Uo^i a c ^Li^f V-jUtf* 

U^-aCj vjI^J^ yoyo Jabi> v-Axi" are corret. If such be accepted as 

the case, Becker's 4 conjecture that the difference in title is due to the 
fact that the older title, kitab i uyun~al ma l arif, having been lost, the first 
words of the text, the same in both books, were substituted for it is highly 
probable. In the case of the kitab nuzhat al-albab attributed to al-Quda'i by 
Brockelmann, 5 we doubtlessly have the work of 'All b. Muhammad al-Rauhi. 
The confusion of the authors is due to al-Rauhi's use of al-Quda'I's kitab 
^uyun al-rna'drif. This the former copied to a great extent, omitting 
large portions [Adam to Higra, the governors and qadis of Egypt] and 
adding on the other hand new material on the Omayyads of Spain and 
the last of the Fatimide caliphs. This work of al-Rauhl, known as the 
bulgat al-zurafa ila mtfrifat al-hulafa\ was later joined with al-Quda'i's 
original and edited with the title kitab nuzhat albab. Of greater impor- 
tance is al-Quda'i's topographical work designated by the glossator of our 
text as the hitat misr. 6 This book unfortunately has been lost. However, 
from the numerous citations found in later writers dealing with the 
archaeology of Egypt, a fairly accurate idea of its contents may be formed. 
Maqrlzl 7 , who cites it as one of his sources, gives it the fuller title, kitab 

*jS \Xm »uX*«i! ^50 .£*£. ^-jLwv *x*il X.JUJ juls^ c^iL^ l+Jf f%j-^2 SwU*^f$ 

"& 20 liLyJ^ .L_J 87^ O Axis- jfJuZj Jlc ---.-5 J>j jAa^J mLa f-lk £y£»*+£>} 

1 Abu-1-Fida, III, p. 189. — 2 Bibliotheque Natle. Ms. Arabes, 1490, 1491. 
Ahlwardt, 9433 [Pm. II, 4]. — 3 IH, II, 616. [tr. de Slane.] — 4 Becker, I c, 
vol. I, p. 20. — 5 Brockelmann, I c, vol. I, p. 343, No. 33. — 6 Folio 57 b. — 
7 git. I, 4—5, 122, 125, 206, 207, 230, 247, 251, 287, 298, 316, 330, 331, 343, 344, 



25 

al-rnuhtar ft dikr al-hitat wa-al-ahbar. 1 Yaqut, 2 who definitely states 
that he used this work at first hand, cites it, as Suyuti 3 and Abu-1-Fida 4 
also do, by a shorter title, either hitat misr or al-hitat lil-Quda l i. The 
facts contained in it, and for which al-Quda'I doubtlessly depended upon 
al-Kindl to a great extent, 5 , must have dealt with the archaeology of 
Egypt from its earliest times to the year 445 H. [1053/54 A. D.] and must 
also have contained historical data. Al-Quda'i's remaining works show a 
certain didactic and religious tendency. According to Maqrlzl 6 , he was 
the author of a commentary on the Quran. His daqaiq al-ahbar wa 
hadcbiq al-i l tibar 7 was a collection of traditions dealing with the prophet 
Muhammad. Then, extracting the moral maxims, proverbs and rules of 
politeness from the sayings of the prophet 8 , he compiled what was generally 
known as the kitab as-sihab or kitab sihab al-ahbar. % The traditionalists 
mentioned in this book have been collected in an index, musnad as-sihab 
or kitab isnad as-sihab, 10 by al-Quda'i himself, the original copy bearing 
as the date of its completion Gumada II, 453 H. [June 1061 A.D.] preserved 
in the Escurial. 11 Closely related to this, if not identical with it, is his 
treatise on the sheikhs whom he met during his travels. Haggi Hallfa 12 
attributes to al-Quda'I a manaqib al-imam as-safi'i, or a panegyric on the 
Safi'ite leader Muhammad b. Idris. 13 Closely connected with this is his 
prose work on the saying of the calif 'All b. Abi Talib. 14 

In addition to such literary work, representing a great number of 
sciences with which Ibn Makula states that al-Quda'i was conversant, 
al-Quda'I devoted himself to transmitting traditions orally. 15 Thus Abu 



346, 385, 397, 408, 414—418, 419, 423, 457, 475, 479, 492; II, 137, 143, 146, 161, 
178, 248, 251, 253, 255, 370, 436, 445, 455. 

1 See pag. 24, note 7. — 2 Yaqut, IV, 551, 1. 9. Cp. Heer, Die historischen 
und geographischen Quellen in Yaqut' s geographischem Worterbuch, p. 42. Perhaps 
Ibn Duqmaq [Kitab al-Intisar f index] has also used this work. See n. 5. — 
■ Husn al-Muhadara, I, pp. 2, 188. — * Ann. Musi. Ill, 189. — 5 The citations 
of al-Kindl in Yaqut, II, 466 and III, 145 probably depend upon al-Quda'I 
who is cited immediately before. See p. 22. — 6 See p. 22, n. 1. — ' Haggi 
Hallfa, III, 232. — 8 Haggi v Hallfa, IV, 83. — « Ibn Hallikan, II, 616 [ed. de 
Slane] ; Subki, Tabaqat as-Safi'tya, III, 62; Suyuti, Husn al-Muhadara, I, 188; 
Hag. Half., IV, 83. Brockelmann, I c. vol. I, p. 3434. See [p. 22, n. 1.] — 
10 Hag. Half., I, 240; Brockelmann, I. c. vol. I, p. 3434. — n Wustenfeld, 
Ges'chichtsschr. 199. — 12 VI, 148. — 13 Subki, Tab. as-Sdf. — u See p. 22, n. 1. 

15 See p. 22, n. 1. Al-Amlr Abu Nasr 'All b. Hibatallah b. 'All b. Makula al- 
'Igll, 421/9—475/9 or 486/7 [Brockelmann, I. c. vol. I, p. 354-5], Subki, Tab. as-Saf., 
Ill, 63; Suyuti, I. c, I, 188; Ibn Hallikan, II, 617. The passage Subki and Maqrlzl 
[see p. 22, n. 1] cite as coming from Ibn Makula is We., 334 fol. 161 b, 1. 8 f. : 



26 

'Abdallah ar-RazI attended the recitations of the kitab al-muhtalif wa-l- 
mittaUf and the kitab fadail abl Hanifa al-Nu'man wa fada'il ashabihi 
wa man ahad 'anJm, the first of which al-Quda'I presented on the authority 
of its composer 'Abd al-GanT b. Sa'id al-Azdl al-Misri [f 934 A. DJ. l 
This same pupil of al-Quda'T, if ar-Razi may be designated as such, likewise 
received orally from him a book by Abu-1-Qasim 'Ubaidallah b. Muhammad 
b. Yahya as-Sa'dl. 

Though occupied with such scholarly work, al-Quda'I found time to 
devote a portion of his life to serving the interest of the state. Having 
studied traditions and Safi'ite law at Bagdad he took up his abode in 
Egypt. Here, he held the office of deputy-qadi of Old Cairo, from which 
position he was advanced to one of still greater trust, that of signing the 
decrees of the wazir Abu-1-Qasim 'All al-Gargara'I, whose hands the calif 
al-Hakim had cut off. After al-GargaraTs death in 436 A. H. [1044/45 
A. DJ, al-Quda'i must have continued his connections with public life, for 
two years after his pilgrimage to Mecca, where he met Abu Bakr al-Hatlb 
from whom he collected traditions, 2 he visited the head of the Byzantine 
Empire at Constantinople as an envoy of the Fatimide caliph al-Mustansir- 
billahi. 3 In 446 A. H. [1054/55 A. D.], the well known famine during the 
rule of al-Mustansir had commenced in Egypt. It was doubtlessly in search 
of relief that al-Quda'i was sent to the Emperor, which the anecdote MaqrTzI 4 
recites hints at. His purpose, however, of procuring aid was frustrated by 
intrigues of the Selguqs who brought about a complete rupture between 
Egypt and the Byzantine Empire, which necessitated his return home. His 
stay at Constantinople must have been of some duration, for according to 
Subkl he collected historical facts concerning the city while there. 5 Not 
many years later, he died on Thursday, the seventeenth of Du-1-Qa'da 454 
A. H. [Nov. 1062 A. DJ; the funeral services being held in the Musalla 
an-Naggar. 

Abu Sa'ld 'Abd ar-Rahman b. Ahmad ibn Yunus as-Sadafi al-Misri, 6 
on the other hand, as far as is known, devoted himself entirely to the 

^aaao* fjkc au\c g IjjJlXa -xsL&Ji w^lX^ ^JU l^^ss ^ iSS -^ .-eUaillt 

[ms. «ji^] b^^ (J?;-??, j* 3 "*-* J {-^ ic*+&\ ^ ^ c t^j . — 1 Brockelmann, 
Lit-Gesch. I, 166-168. — 2 Ibn Hallikan, II, 616. — 3 Ibn Hallikan, II, 617; 
Subkl, Tab. a$-&clf. Ill, 63; Abu-1-Fida, III, 189. See p. 22, n. 1. — 4 Hitat, 

I, 335 1. 8f.; Becker, I. c. vol. I, p. 19; Muqaffa; see p. 22, n. 1. — * Subkl, 
Tab. as-Saf., Ill, 63. — Suyutl, Husn al - Muhadara , I, 188; Ibn Hallikan, 

II, 617, gives the date as the 16th of the month. Hitat Gadtda, X, 21. — 
6 Wiistenfeld, Geschichtsschr. 121. 



27 

history of his native country. 1 Born at Fustat, Egypt, in 281 A. H. 
[894/95 A. D.] 2 he was the grandson of the Safi'ite traditionalist Yunus 
b. 'Abd al-A'la 3 and the father of the famous astronomer Abu-1-Hasan 
'All b. Abu Sa'id. 4 Of his private life nothing definite is known. That 
Ibn Yunus was personally acquainted with al-Kindi might be deduced from 
the fact that they both studied under an-Nasai. Indeed, the latter and 
his own father seem to have been his chief instructors in traditions dealing 
with Egypt. 5 These he doubtlessly used in his taWxh misr and l aqida 
ft tdrxh as-satid. The first presumably, as Wustenfeld 6 has pointed out, 
contained two books, the greater treating of the lives of the natives of 
Egypt, cited by Yaqut and Maqrlzl as ta'rth misr 7 or tdrih al-rnisriym* 
and the lesser giving an account of the most remarkable foreigners by 
whom Egypt was visited. 9 It is from this that one of our marginal notes 
is taken. Here the book is called tdrih al-guraba al-qadimin misr. 10 
Maqrlzl doubtlessly cites the same work as tdrih al-guraba. 11 As yet no 
copy of either of these parts has been found. This is also the case with 
Ibn Yunus' second book, which, as the title reads, is an account of the the 
history of upper Egypt. 12 Of the great value of these two chronicles there 

1 Suyuti, Husn. al-Muh., I, 164. — 2 Tab. Huff. XII, 17 gives the year 
261 A. H. — 3 170— 264 A. H. See Ibn Hallikan, 11,617; Subkl, Tab. a$-&af. 
I, 279 f. — * Brockelmann, Gesch. Arab. Lit. 1,224. — 6 Suyuti, I.e. — a Ge- 
schiehtsschr. 121. — 7 Yaqut, II, 338; Heer, Hist. u. geogr. Quellen usw. pp. 41, 42; 
Hitat, I, 108, 332; II, 123. Cf. text to fol. 39a. Also cited on fol. 17a, 28b, 59a. — 
8 Yaqut, III, 427. — • Ibn Hallikan, II, 93; Hag. Half., II, 148; Ibn al-Faradl [ed. 
Franc. Codera in Bibl. ar.-hisp., T. 7, 8, 1891, 1892, pp. 6, 256, 273] calls this 
second part ta'rtfy ahl misr wa-l-mayrlb , which would seem to show that it con- 
tained biographies of men from north-west Africa. G. Kampfmeyer, in an interesting 
article on a list of historical works, would attribute number 81 [Werke zur Ge- 
schichte Spaniens u. Nordwestafrikas in Mitteil. d. Sem. f. Or. Spr. Berl. West- 
asiat. IX, pp. 84 and 99] ta'rih wafayat gima'at ahl al-andalus by an Abu 
Sa'id b Yunus to our Ibn Yunus. This of course contradicts the statement of 
Suyuti that he only wrote on Egypt [Husn al-Muhddara, I, 164]. If Suyuti is 
wrong in this statement, another of Ibn Yunus 7 works has become known to 
us. On the other hand, if he be correct, the book mentioned in Kampfmeyer's 
list, might be considered a part of the second half of the whole ta'rih misr. 
If such be the case, we might perhaps assume that this second part, given the 
general title ta'rifi al-gurabd' [Chronicle of the strangers who visited Egypt] 
was arrainged according to the countries whence the foreigners came; cp. fol. 
39 a of our ms., where a ta'riji gurabd by Ibn Yiinis is cited by a glossator. — 
10 Fol. 39 a. - " Hitat, II, 114. — 12 Hag. Half. II, 105, IV, 244; cp. Wiisten- 
feld, I. c. See preceeding notes and Ibn al-'Abbar, Takmila [ed. Franc. Codera 
in Bibl ar.-hisp. T. 5, 6, 1886, 1899], pp. 422 and 543; Ibn Hallikan, index; 
Abu-1-Fida, index; ad-Dahabl [Fischer, Biograph. von Gewahrsmannern des ibn- 
Ishaq, hauptsachlich aus ad-Dahabt, Leiden, 1890] index; Tagribardl, index; 
Suyuti, Husn al-Muhddara, I, 2; Ibn Duqmaq, index. 



28 

can be no doubt. Especially is this true of the tdrih rnisr, the contents 
of which are cited at first or second hand by later historians and com- 
pilers of biographical dictionaries. 1 This popularity is doubtlessly due to 
Ibn Yunus' prudence, 2 and his knowledge of the rules of 'disapprobation* 
and 'approbation' governing the selection of material from oral traditions. 
Al-Kutubl, indeed would have us believe that Ibn Yunus likewise treated 
of these rules. 3 The date or even an approximate estimate of the time 
of the composition or completion of these works of Ibn Yunus is im- 
possible. In the case of al-Quda'T's hitab l uyun al-ma'arif and hitat misr, 
on the other hand, we may safely assume that they were completed soon 
after the last date found in them, namely 423 (1031/32 A. D.) and 
prehaps 445 A. H. 7 [1053/1054 A. D.] respectively. For the rnusnad 
as-sihab, the date has been given by al-Quda'I as 453 A. H. (1061 A. D.), 
one year before his death during the famine, because of which he was 
sent to Constantinople. Oddly enough, it was during a similar catastrophy 
a trifle over a century earlier, that ibn Yunus died. 4 For several days 
he had been noticed administering to the famished and endeavouring to 
alleviate the sufferings of the dying. On Sunday the twenty- sixth of 
ftumada, II, 347 A. H., 5 [Sept. 15 958, A. D.] he was found dead with 
those whom he had tried to help. 

The corrections of the text especally those by the scribe himself, 
follow to a great extent the rules laid down by the hadlt critics. Where 
the copyist has rewritten a word by mistake, he employs what an-Nawawi 
terms o \j& [erasure] 6 to indicate the word or words not belonging to the 
original. Of the different forms of this process, which is considered the 
best , that given the special name of OL& 7 is favoured most by the 
scribe. This consists of a line drawn through the word, without obliterating 

1 SuyutT, Husn al-Muhadara, 1, 164. — 2 M. Marcais in the preface to his 
translation of the taqrib of an-Nawawi, J. A. s^r. IX, tomes, XVI— XVIII 
[1900—1901], explains these two terms in the following sentences, 'Dans la [cette] 
critique de la valeur des rawis [traditionalists], on peut distinguer une partie 
th^orique et une partie appliqu^e. La premiere est la Ma'rifa al Tarh wa et-ta' 
dil [e*tude de Vimprobation et de I' approbation]. Elle a pour objet de determiner 
les qualit^s qu'on doit exiger des rawis pour accepter leurs remits, et les de*fauts 
qui rendent leurs informations suspects et rejetables [J. A. XVI, 321]. See also 
J. A. XVI [1900], p. 528; XVII [1901], pp. 132 f., 142 f., 146 f. and E. E. Salis- 
bury, J. A. O. S. t VII, 70 for further details an -^ and J. A. XVI [1900], 
p. 480; XVII [1901], pp. 128, 129, 132, 142, 146; XVIII [1901], pp. 142, 143 
and J. A. O.S. VII, 62, 63, 65 [66], 88 on JuJuu. — 3 Fawat al-Wafayat, I, 321. — 
4 al-Kutubl, Fawat al-Wafayat, I, 322. — 5 Ibn Hallikan, II, 93 f.; Dahabl, Tab. 
Huff. XII, 17. - « M. Marcais, J. A. XVII [1901] , 534. — 7 M. Marcais, J. A. 
XVII [1901], 535, n. 1. 



29 

the letters thereof. At times it seems as if the scribe* in order to follow 
the last part of this rule, has purposely drawn the line through the tops 
of the larger letters. In doing this he approaches what an-Nawawi gives 
as another form of UJyto, the drawing of a line above the word to be 
excluded , and the bringing of its ends down to the line. An exact par- 
allel to this is not found in the first 134 folios of the manuscript. 1 The 
nearest approach to it is a straight line whose right end curves upward 
being placed over the word to be omitted by the reader. Where the 
copyist has omitted portions of the text, he has inserted a perpenticular 
line bent at the top in the direction of the margin where the words to 
be inserted are to be found. These, in four of the five instances which 
occur, are written on the outer margin of the page, three from the line 
where they belong towards the top, one towards the bottom of the page. 
This is also the case with the fifth which has been added on the inner 
margin of folio 83b. Here, as is also the case with that found on folio 

110a, the passage to be inserted is followed by ^o [= this is correct], 

then the word which it is to preceed in the text, and then another &*o. 
On folios 43b, 89b and 126b merely ^o is added to the omission, a 
somewhat better form of 'annexation' [v-&2>] 2 ? as it does away with any 
possible confusion arising from the occurrence of the same word twice. 

Where others than the scribe have corrected the text, their methods 
vary. Thus in order to erase a word, lines have been drawn through it 
with a pen. A word poorly written by the scribe has a cross under it 
and is recopied on the margin. Where a reader has considered a word 
entirely wrong and wished to substitute another for it, he has scratced 
it out with a pen and, in order to designate the word to be read in its 
place, employed the second form of 'annexation' used by the scribe. Once 
the correction has simply been written above the word in the text. By 
far the greater number of corrections are those where the text simply 
has what appear to be the numerals one \ t two P, and twelve if over 
it, the margin containing a better reading with either ^s 3 or ..Lo or wLo, 
placed above or after it. At times, these words are omitted. All the 
glosses, however, with the exception of two which are found on the inner 

1 Folios 135 ff. contain several instances of this. — 2 The scribe here again 
follows to a great extent the rules laid down in the Taqrib an-Nawawi, J. A. 
XVII [1901] 531—533. 

3 An-Nawawi states that those who are fond of being precise busy themsel- 
ves with the declaration of the accuracy [^o^Wij] or the weakness [(j^Jy+j] 
of the text and the placing of latches v-^axa^j over it. The first is expressed 



30 

margin, have been placed on the outer edge of the page and are written 
from right to left. 

As staded above, 1 folio 131a has the note to the effect that Ibn 
Zulaq continued the narrative from that point of the text opposite which it 
is written. From here the script — it is also noticable on the folios pre- 
ceeding this — has the appearance as if the copyist had tired of his task and 
had hurried to reach the end of the book proper on folio 133 a, line five. 
To this, lists of the fatimide caliphs and the Ayyubides [fol. 133a] and 
one of the Mamlukes [fol. 134 b] have been added. All three are written 
in a poor hand with few diacritical points or vowels. These, as well as 
the two notes at the bottom of folio 133 a, I shall add to the text proper. 

by writing 'exact', ,p^o , above a word, the other two, by placing a sign similar 
to the letter <jo over one entirely wrong or giving a poor meaning to the text. 
This mark is also placed where portions of a narrative have been omitted 
[J. A. XVII (1901), pp. 533-34]. The &to placed over or after the marginal 
notes of the ms. has probably the same force as in the declaration of accuracy 
mentioned by an-Nawawl. The figure P is doubtlessly the same sign which an- 
Nawawl says resembles ^jo and is place over mistakes and in lacunas. It is 
interesting to note that in the magriby manuscript containing the list of histori- 
cal works published by Kampfmeyer [Mitteil. Sem. Or. Spr. Ber. Westasiat. 
IX, 74 ff.-, see p. 76], the scribe has placed in the blank spaces, probably due 
to his being unable to read the original, the two letters ^u, Kampfmeyer 
interprets this as an abbrevation of the imperative of the second form and trans- 
lates 'verbessere du'. If this be correct, then the sign P might be considered as 
a development from <jo , which in turn is an abbrevation of the abbrevation ^.*o 

which equals ^5\ad. Lane, however, page 1761b, defines the term ^^xii 

as the putting the numerals P, {*, etc. over each of two words to indicate that 
the latter of those words is connected with or refers to the former of them. 
This, on the other hand, would seem to favour a supposition that the signs in 
our manuscript are numerals used here to refer to the margin instead of showing 
grammatical relation of words. The ^o found in the lacunas of the ms. used 
by Kampfmeyer may in this case be the declaration of exactness on the part of 
the copyist, who wished to called attention to the fact that the blank space 
was correct according to the original before him. In similar breaks in the text 
of the ms. of Ibn Hagar's raf al-isr 'an quddt misr, Paris, 2149, the signs H 
has been placed. This would likewise seem to support the view that these three 
marks are in reality numerals. 
1 See p. 18. 



Abbreviations found in the notes to text. 

Ag. Abu 1-Farag 'All al-IsfahanT, Kitab al-Agani, 20 vols., Bulaq, 1285. 
AF. Abu-l-Fiddi Annates Muslemici ar. et lat. op. et stud. I. J. Reiskii sumt. 
atque ausp. P. Fr. Suhmii ed. J. G. Chr. Adler, T. I — V, Hafniae, 1789 
—1794. 
DF. Biographien von Gewahrsmannern des Ibn Ishdq hauptsdchlich aus ad- 

Ddhabl hsgb. v. August Fischer, Leiden, 1890. 
DH 1 . Kosegarten, J. G. L. . The Hudsailian poems., London, 1854. 
DH 2 . Wellhausen, J., Letzter Teil der Lieder der Hudailiten, arab. und deutsch: 

Skizzen und Vorarbeiten, Berlin, 1887. 
DM. Muhammad b. Ahmad ad-Dahabl's, Kitab al-Mustabih ft Asma' ar-Migal t 
edited by P. de Yong, Leiden, 1881. 
DTH. Liber classium virorum, qui Korani et traditionum cognitionc excellerunt, 
auct Dahabio, edited by F. Wiistenfeld, Gottingen, 1833—1834. 
F. Kitab al-Fihrist, hsgb. von Gr. Fliigel nach dessen Tode besorgt von 
J. Kodiger und A. Miiller. 2 Bde., Leipzig, 1871—1872. 
Haz. Saft ad-Din Ahmad b. 'Abdallah al-Hazragl, Hulasa Tadhib Tahdlb al- 

Kamal. Bulaq, 1301 H. 
HH. Lexicon bibligraphicum et encyclopaedicum a Mustapha ben Abdallah 
Katib Jelebi dicto et nomine Haji Khalfa celebrato compositum t ed. 
G. Fliigel, 7 vols. Leipzig-London, 1835-1858. 
Hiz. ; Abd al-Qadir al-Bagdadr, Hizanat al-adab, 4 vol., Bulaq 1287. 
HT. Hamasae carmina cum Tabrisii Scholiis ed. J. Freytag, 2 vol., Bonnae, 

1828-1847. 
I A. Ibn el-Athiri Chronicon ed. C. J. Tornberg, 14 voll., Lugd. Bat. 1851— 

1856. 
IH. Ibn Doreid's genealogisch-etymologisches Handbuch, hsgb. von F. Wiisten- 
feld, Gottingen, 1854. [kitab al-istiqaq], 
IH. Ibn Khallikans Biographical Dictionary Translated from the Arabic: 
by MacGuckin de Slane, 4 vols., Paris-London 1843 — 71 
IHT. Tuhfa Daivi-l-Arab von Ibn Hatlb al-Dahsa, hsgb. von T. Mann, Leiden, 
1905. 
II. Abu-1-Barakat Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Iyas an-Nasirl, Bada'i' az-Zuhur 

ft Waqa'V ad-Duhur, Bulaq 1311-1134 H. 
IQ. Abu Muhammad 'Abdallah b. Muslim b. Qutaiba's Kitab al-Ma l arif, hsgb. 

von F. Wiistenfeld, Gottingen, 1850. 
IS. Ibn Sa'd: Biographien Muhmnmads, seiner Gefahrten und der spdteren 
Trager des Islams. Herausg. von E. Sachau, im Vereine mit C. Brockel- 
mann u. a. Leiden 1904. 
K. Muhammad b. Sakir al-Kutubl, Fawdt al-Wafayat, 2 vols., Bulaq 1282 H. 
Ka. The Kdmil of el-Mubarrad by W. Wright, Lipzig. 1892. 
M. al-Maqrlzl, al-MawdHz wal-IHibdr ft Dikr al-ffitat wal-Atdr. Bulaq, 1853. 



32 

N. an-Nawawl, The biographical dictionary of men who knew Muhammad, 
edited by F. Wiistenfeld, Gottingen, 1842—1847. 
Spr. 272, 278, 274, ad-Dahabl's, tadhib at-tahdib; cp. the introduction to DF. 
Sub. Abu Nasr 'Abd al-Wahhab b. 'All as-Subkl, Tabaqat as-Saftiyya 6 vols., 

Cairo, 1906. 
Suy. Abu-1-Fadl 'Abd ar-Rahman b. Abi Bakr as-Suyutl, Husn al-Muhddara 
ft Atibar Misr wal-Qdhira, Cairo, [no date.] 
T. Abu-l-Mahdsin ibn Tagribardi, Annates ed. F. G. Yuynboll et Matthes, 
2 voll. Lugd. Bat. 1855-61. 
Ta. Annales quos scripsit Abu Djafar Muhammad Ibn Djarir at- Tabari cum 

aliis edidit M. J. de Goeje. Lugd. Bat., 1879 f. 
We. 334. 'All b. Hibitallah b. Makula, kitab al-ikmdl fl-l-muhtalif wal-mu'talif 
min asmd' ar-rigal; cp. Brockelmann, Gesch. Arab. Lit. I, 354. 
Y. Mu'gam al-Bidddn, Yacuts Geographisches Wbrterbuch bsgb. von F. Wiisten- 
feld, 6 Bde., Leipzig, 1866-1873. 
Ya. Ibn Wadhih, qui dicitur al-Ya'qubi historiae, ed. M. Th. Houtsma, 2 voll., 
Leiden, 1883. 

Where I have refered to the preceeding books in the introduction, I have 
for the most part merely given the native author. Other works cited in the 
introduction are: 

Brockelmann, C, Geschichte der Arabischen Liter atur, 2 Bde., Weimar, 1898—1902. 
Becker, C. H., Beitrdge zur Geschichte Agyptens unter dem Islam, 2 Bde., Strass- 

burg, 1902. 
Catalogus cod. Mss. qui in Musaeo Britannico asservantur pars II, cod. arab. 

amplectens, 3 voll., London, 1876—1879. 
Codera, Franc, al-Faradi in Bibl. ar.-hisp., vol. 7—8, 1891—1892. 
Codera, Franc, TaTcmila in Bibl. ar.-hisp., vol. 5 — 6, 1886, 1889. 
Ibn Duqmaq, M-guz ar-Babi l ival-Hamis min Kitdb al-Intisar li- Wasitat al-Amsdr, 

Cairo, 1893. 
Evetts, B. T. A., Abu Salih: The Churches and Monasteries of Egypt, in Anecdota 

Oxoniensis. Semitic Series P. VII. 
Ewald, Geschichte der Muhammedanischen Eroberung Agyptens nach den altesten 

Quellen in the Zeitschrift fur d. Kunde des Morgenlandes, III, p. 332 f. 
Fliigel, G, Al-Kindi genannt der Philosoph der Araber. Ein Vorbild seiner Zeit 

und seines Volkes, in the Abhandl. f. d. Kunde des Morgenlandes, II, [1857]. 
de Goeje, M. J., Liber expugnationis regionum, [Baladuri's Futuh al-Bulddn], Leiden, 

1870. 
de Goeje, M. J., al-BaladhorVs: Ansab al-aschrdf, in the Zeit. d. Deut. Morgl. 

Gesell. XXXVIII, p. 382 f. 
Gottheil, R., A distinguished Family of Fatimide Cadis in the Jour, of the Amer. 

Or. Soc. XXVII. 
Gottheil, R., Hasan ibn Ibrahim ibn Zulak, in the Journal of the Amer. Orient. 

Society. XXVIII, pt., 2. 
Goldziher, I., Zur Charakteristik Gelal ud-din us-SuyutVs und seiner literar. 

Tatigkeit, in the Sitzungsberichte der Konig. Acad. d. Wiss. zu Wien, LXIX, 

p. 7—28. 



33 

Goldziher, I., Neue Materialmen zur Litter atur des Uberlieferungswesens bei den 

Muhammedanern in the Zeitschrift der Deut. Morgl. Gesell., L, p. 465 f. 
Guest, A. R., Ihe Foundation of Fustat and the Khittahs of that Town, in the 

Jour, of Roy. As. Soc. Jan. 1907. 
Hartmann, M., Zeitschr. f. Assyr. XIX. 342. 

Ibn Hagr, raf ' al-isr l an quddt misr, Paris, Ms. Ar. 2149 of Bib. Nat. 
Heer, F. J., Die historischen und geographischen Quellen in Jdqut's geographischem 

Worterbuch, Strassburg, 1898. 
Juynboll, Th.W., Le Livre de VImpot fongier de Yahyab. Adam. Leyden 1896. 
Kampfmeyer, G , Werke zur Geschichte Spaniens und Nordivest Afrikas, in the 

Mitteil. d. Sem. f. Or. Spr. Westasiat., Berlin IX. 
Marcais, W., Le Taqrlb de an-Nawaivi, in the Joum. Asiat. Se>. 9, vol. XVI— XVIII, 

'1900-1901. 
Maqrlzl, muaaffa, Ms. Leiden, 870. 
Miiller, Aug., Islam. 2 Bde., Berlin, 1885, 1887. 
Ostrup, J., 'Urnar I. Muhammad al-Kindts Beskrivelse of Agypten, in Bid. de 

V Acad. Roy. Copenhagen, 1896, No. 4. 
de Perceval C, Essai sur Vhistoire des Arabes avant Vlslamisme, 3 vols., Paris, 

1847—1848. 
Qalqasandi, Die Geographie und Verwaltung von Egypten nach dem Arabischen 

von F. Wiistenfeld, Gottingen, 1879. 
Salisbury, E. E., Contributions from original sources to our knowledge of ihe 

science of Muslim Tradition, in the Jour, of the Amer. Or. Soc. VII, p. 60 f. 
Sprenger, A., Das Leben und die Lehre Muhammads, 3 Bde., Berlin 1861, 1862, 

1865. 
Sprenger, A., On the Origin and Progress of writing down historical focts among 

the Musalmans in the Journal of the Asiatic society of Bengal, XX V> 

p. 303 f. 
Tallquist, K. L., Ibn Sa'id, Kitdb al-Muyrib fi Hula al-Mayrib, nebst einem Aus- 

zug aus al-Kindi's Ta'riji Misr, Leiden, 1899. 
Torrey, Charles C, The Muhammedan Conquest of Egypt and North Africa in 

the Biblical and Semitic Series [Yale Bicentennial] New York, 1901. 
Veth, P., Liber as-Sojutii de nominibus relativis [Lubb al-Lubab], Leiden, 1830 — 

1832. 
Wellhausen, J., Das Arabische Reich unci sein Sturz, Berliu, 1902. 
Wellhausen, J., Skizzen und Vorarbeitungen, VI. 
Wustenfeld, F., Die Geographie und Verwaltung von Agypten nach dem Arabischen 

des Abu-l-Abbas al-Calcashandi, in the Abh. d. Gesell. d. Wiss. Gott. XXV. 
Wiistenfeld, F., Geneologische Tabellen der arabischen Stdmme und Familien, 

Gottingen, 1892. 
Wiistenfeld, F., Die Geschichtsschreiber der Araber und Hire Werke, Gottingen. 

1882. 



Vita. 

The writer of this thesis was born in New York, N. Y., June 27 1882. 
At the age of six, he entered Grammar School No. 35. In 1893 he left 
this institution to continue his studies at Trinity School, 197 West 91 
Street, N. Y., where he graduated in the spring of 1896. In the fall of 
the same year, he was admitted to Columbia College, receiving in June, 
1903, the degree of A. B. During the year 1903 — 1904, he continued 
his studies as University Scholar in the department of Semitic Languages 
and Literatures at Columbia University. At the end of this year, he ob- 
tained the degree of M. A., submitting in partial fulfilment for it a thesis 
entitled "Old Testament Traditions in the Light of Cuneiform Research". 
Reawarded a University Scholarship for 1904 — 1905, granted a Presi- 
dent's University Scholarship in 1905 — 1906, and appointed University 
Fellow for 1906 — 1907, he devoted himself to the study for the degree 
of Doctor of Philosophy. As his major subject and first minor, he selected 
Semitics; as second minor, German Language and Literature. In the 
last, he directed his attention chiefly to German Literature under Pro- 
fessor Calvin Thomas, taking up the linguistic branch with Professor 
W. C. Carpenter. In Semitics, which he commenced in his Junior year at 
college, Syriac, Assyrian, Neo-Baby Ionian, Sumerian, Hebrew, Arabic, North- 
Semitic Epigraphy and the history of the Semitic races were studied with 
Professor Gottheil, Professor Prince, Dr. W. T. Popper, Dr. R. Lau, and 
Dr. Yohannan. Besides the thesis herewith submitted, the author there of 
has written several articles, for "Hastiny's Single Volume Dictionary of 
the Bible" which is soon to appear. 

N. A. K. 



33 



Text p. 11, n. 1, cp. M, II, 336, 1. 15. 

Text p. 12, 1. 1, M, II, 336, 1. 21 inserts after second word L* and 
omits pI>. 

Text p. 12, 1. 3, M, II, 336, 1. 23 AJJu ^ m 

Text p. 12, 1. 5, M, II, 336, 1. 24 _a& for ^ot^i. 

Text p. 12, 1. 7, M, II, 336, 1. 25 inserts f ^u after Jb\j&. 

Text p. 12, 1. 8, M, II, 336, 1. 26 JjU yh. 

Text p. 12, 1. 16, Ms. Jlc. 

Text p. 12, 1. 17, M, II, 336 ; 1. 31 J^| 3 for J^. 

Text p. 13, 1. 1, M, II, 336, 1. 35 £ytj; ms. 6^, 

Text p. 13, 1. 10, M, II, 336, 1. 36 o^b for o^b. 

Text p. 13, 1. 13, M, II, 336, 1, 37 reads gjjju ^U ^s>\ LUs. 

Text p. 15, 1. 14, M, II, 337, 1. 2 omits ^jLc. 

Text p. 15, 1. 15, M, II, 337, 1. 3 reads ^Jo for ^ju. 

Text p. 15, 1. 16, M, II, 337, 1. 3 reads ^k£i 1 for p^aJ*&. 

Text p. 15, 1. 17, M, II, 337, 1. 4 reads gUc yL£f ^fj. 

Text p. 15, 1. 23, M, II, 337, 1. 8 reads <**x*b. 

Text p. 15, 1. 24, M, II, 337, 1. 4 omits from ^A* to ^j^. 

Text p. 16, 1. 1, M, II, 337, 1. 9 omits from ^xUb. 

Text p. 16, 1. 5, M, II, 337, 1. 10 reads y^AXif y^>- and ^^l^-J^. 

Text p. 16, 1. 14, M, II, 337, 1. 12 omits 3 of e*J^. 

Text p. 16, 1. 16, M, II, 337, 1. 12 omits from JUS to ^ and inserts 



a.>.s 



after 



r}V> 



Text p. 16, 1. 18 a, M, II, 337, 1. 12 omits. 

Text p. 16, 1. 19, M, II, 337, 1. 14 omits 3 U*c Jj3 j ^-A+j ^K. 

Text p. 16, 1. 19, M, II, 337, 1. 14 omits from ^z>\ to OlX^s. 



32 

Text p. 8, 11. 8, M, II, 335, 1. 17 r yb for jyb ; ^yCxxi for *UCJb 

Text p. 8, 11. 9, M, II, 335, 1. 18 S^slZj for Jdj, 

Text p. 8, 11. 10, M, II, 335, 1. 19 £*jl3, for «^b 3 . 

Text p. 8, 11. 12, M, II, 335, 1. 19 gj for ^y>. 

Text p. 8, 11. 12, M, II, 335, 1. 23 ^ ^ bj*j> 5 8^?] ^ ^^Jwj 

g)JU ^ Juu* [o^ijJt^j^ J^y ^j; the bracketed has fallen out 

of our text. 
Text p. 8, 1. 13, M, II, 335, 1. 13, ^ to J^L^J omitted. 

Text p. 8, 1. 14, M, II, 335, 1. 14 j _jb je>t ^ omitted. 

Text p. 8, 1. 26, M, II, 335, 1. 22 IJoC^ iJjJt ^ ». 

Text p. 9, 1. 1, M, II, 335, 1. 14 JJuJ; ^&Lo ^l^Ut; ms. eJuJf. 

Text p. 9, 1. 2, M, n, 335, 1. 22 omits *JJ. 

Text p. 9, 1. 3, M, II, 335, 1. 24 )jj&. 

Text p. 9, 1. 4, M, H, 335, 1. 24 U>| for $j>l Jt 

Text p. 9, 1. 5, M, II, 335, 1. 25 jjJLs. 

Text p. 9, 1. 12, M. n, 335, 1. 25'. . . ^ ^&. Jli for . . . j^. 

Text p. 9, 1. 19—20, M, II, 335, 1. 29 Js^Zj. 

Text p. 9, 1. 22, M, II, 335, 1. 31 ^LJL* &. 

Text p. 9, 1. 23, M, II, 335, 1. 31 ^JL,; ms. ^i; cp. Ta, I, 2986, 

IS, III, I, 49, read thus with p. 15 24. 
Text p. 10, 1. 2, M, II, 335, 1. 35 Jwi>. omitting preceeding four words. 
Text p. 10, 1. 10, M, II, 335, 1. 39 ^Ls'Ju; ep. Ibn Duqmaq, V, 7, 

Text p. 10, 1. 12, M, II, 336, L 1 . . . ^f ^i v^oui; omits j>l 

Text p. 10, 1. 17, M, II, 336, 1. 3 Ui? for lit. 

Text p. 10, 1. 17, M, H, 336, 1. 4 ^Ui*] for r Jo etc. 

Text p. 10, 1. 18, M, II, 336, 1. 4 jX 

Text p. 10, 1. 19, M, H, 336, 1. 5 Ui*j byJi ^J. 

Text p. 10, 1. 23, M, II, 336, 1. 7 x^. 

Text p. 10, 1. 24, M, II, 336, 1. 7 ^jj| for ^^A ^\. 

Text p. 10, 1. 25, M, II, 336, 1. 8^^ for ^^^ ^ omits until 

P . 11, 1. 1 y^J. 

Text p. 11, 1. 6, M, II, 336, 1. 8 JoLft ^ for Jui £; second £ as 0< *. 



ADDENDA 

Introd. p. 7, n. 8, Ahmad Kamel: Rectification des noms Arabs des 
auciens rois d'figypte in Bull, de Vinstit. Egypt, 1903, p. 90, 
mentions the fact that al-Kindi added a diwan to the hitat rnisr. 

Introd. p. 13, 1. 32 ff., Y, II, 466, III, 883 states that Ibn Qudaid was the 
teacher of Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Yaza'iri who died 368 A.H. 

Introd. p. 15, n. 4, cp. p. 7, n. 8 and p. 11, 1. 9ff. 

Introd. p. 15, 1. 22, Suyuti, I, 239, ^\ ol^lj^l ^J &) (JUT) 

^JOJCJJ JU. iwU^b \Ji u* j>\ ^jJi a i. 

Introd. p. 17, 1. 13, as-sihaba. 

Introd. p. 18, 1. 9, wulat 

Introd. p. 20, 1. 18, Wulat 

Introd. p. 21, 1. 12, L> for b^. 

Introd. p. 23, 1. 3, al-anbiycu. 

Introd. p. 26, 1. 10, Saftite. 

Introd. p. 27, n. 8, Brockelmann; Talqih fuhum ahl al-atar, 1892, p. 8. 

Introd. p. 28, 1. 37, on. 

Introd. p. 30, 1. 3 stated. 

Text p. 3, 11. 20—21 = M, I, 288 21. 

Text p. 4, 11. 1 ff. = M, I, 294 9. 

Text p. 4, 11. 5ff. = M, I, 163 17. 

Text p. 4, 11. 10 f. = M, I, 160 30. 

Text p. 7, 11. 12, M, H, 335, 1. 10 o^Jj ju~\ 3 placed before o»Js>j. 

Text p. 7, 11. 15, M, II, 335, 1. 10 ^LJ for JCJUit. 

Text p. 7, 11. 15, M, II, 335, 1. 10 JL«dJ, 

Text p. 7, 11. 16, M, II, 335, 1. 11 omits from ^ to ^^0. 

Text p. 8, 11. 1, M, II, 335, 1. 11 ^b^ for the suff. ^J>, 

Text p. 8, 11. 1, M, I, 335, 1. 11 u ^£j| *=>> ^Jt ^j^ for 



or 



Text p. 8, 11. 2, M, II, 335, 1. 12 ^y^ 3 before g^*, 
Text p. 8, 11. 2, M, II, 335, 1. 12 inserts aJ JUjj after 
Text p. 8, 11. 4f., M, II, 335, 1. 13 f. numerous variants. 



30 



tXfcC ^| y^^ii J^ yl zJ\ pi *Fol. 21A. 

^ ijy^j Lr-^> *-*" V^> ^^ c)V° C^ >*j*^ **** ^5 f& 

»Li>i .sis ^y qj >^U5 <Aac 8 £ir^ uy^ u^^ 2 * jL * o'"*^ ^^ 
iXxc 5 Jc 35 j*lJL <x$\*m i^/^ r^ »*?r*^ KJ5 #^B ^^ <y^ ^3 

io jJj*$ ^»^ <c^ cXJLs*- q^ (j«LJl oU^ant £ 0U3 U^jjS (j~^ (J^t** lXaXa* 

qJ v-jU^- 8 ^ (V^ H¥& ^J^ l-H**$ ^t^" <*"^ ^ **^ CT^ ^"^ 

olA^^t q-» *SL£Jl3 xaj! ^jtoj au«->* JLacJI JlP qJ c\j; qJ 0£y* *Fol. 21 b. 

*jly&b 2ow ^^ V^r* ^Uj rvjp^ fcjj*M <-**H^ Joi^t 131 J^;^ ^L^9 

LTr^" '-H J-*^ L^i^j LPlX3?Ls ^AA^li ^5^^ j^Ls 11 Ljji.>JOo K-a-^^I 

1 -* M, I, 210 3-4. — 2 M, /. c. omits year. — 8 M, I. c. inserts »jS). — 
* M, Z. c. omits. — s -* M, I, 2104. — 6 M, I c. omits. — ■ Ms. ^yi. — 8 -* M, I, 
210 4. — 9 -* M, I, 209i5-24. — 10 M, I. c. inserts Jt^j* a J. — n M, I. c. LjJO^j. — 
12 M, I e. J>*. — " M, I. <?. I* ^4*. — " M, I. c. transposes. — 15 M, I. c. jUs . — 
16 See Y, Hulwan. 



•20 



29 



ti)oul L ^*J (*-^ jj-j j^"*- <iLib*^b ^•c j^W ^t^yo *J ^Uis ^jf ^xJ 
ail ^^ (j^AJ; Jy ^Jf jj^ (^P^y 5 ^ 1 I^oj ULb t^>$ J**^ 
Joj ^aH a..*y> i^LaJu^ a-AC. A& 2 (^)J L-ixxi \^y c= ~^.\ ^ji^ in5«^ iiUwoLr> 
Lo», La^oj ^33 rf^ 2 ^ O^ i5*T° ^ oi*>3 L*Jj-a L-£a ^)b>| <ikx/> oJLx> 

S- S- t. £■ s. m 

*Fol. 20 B. O^iM CT O**^ ldU>3* g^l O*^ t** 2 ^ 3]j * t> \ OJ^ (J \J*^ ^^ 5 

^^.kJ^ j 3 lJoil wJbti^ ^tXJi o^U La^J ]jJl\aaU L* 131 

*i — slit ££> ^i 0=^1^ h 5 ^ lPj-3 ^i 4 u*^M 

* Ml 

w w at w ^*w«.v«* 

WWW C W M 

Mi * 

ya-*o i^oLiw ^a^3 ^)^*-> Xi*« V^; ^^g-^ r^ 2 ^ CT» c)^/° TTJ^ ^j^^^ 

1 ©itat 209 34 v-AJ-aj. — 2 Hitat, I, 209 34 LUc ^)J Q 5b. — 3 Hitat, 
I, 20933 Ij^Tt. — 4 Ms. oto^U. — 5 M, I, 209 34. — 6 M, I, 209 35 jOuo^U. — 
7 M, I c. I. 36 j-cJo 3jit. — 8 M, Z. c. omits. - 9 M,I, 210 1 omits. 



28 



jjSW JJCs JOiL r3 ly3 jOaS u* g|^| p^ ^ r ii O ^yo ^ J^>li 
5 ^\-iJLi JLr: HOL^ ^^f^ e)^/° ^^ f&^ *S>^L* jj^uJ jtfi^- ^\>f OUJ j«Ji 

jLs ^yo ^J| Low v^l jv\£=ti\ JJCail q-jA^; W^ |^Li» ^)^F. vij**^ 

* & . m — 

10 2udc UiLs jj^y* »LiLi t^y^It j**Ij .Jf Jo JLftj ^jlXa^ LLj JJ jUa 

* ~ s- 

.tX-Aa-I^ ^J.^ oLjto i\'ij b-Jt B^LXJi ^i)wA^Lc ttf^ij 

S- S- m 3 m 

Lp^Lxo ikxil J»x> i^jJti? i\+& ^Joi ^Jl ya-* iCj^ J^*> ^^i' qJj-^ t^-^ 
O* tX>t xj u^aJ lXJLu J.UII v^fijJ' ^jy^il t^°^ i-lj*^ ^^ 5 ^^ ^^!r^!5 

1 Su 7 , I, 127; Haz, 336. — 2 Ms. v^Aii. — 3 Marg. 4? ^£s3 wLu; 
M, II, 33S ^JcJ^S . — * Ms. .S\ with above reading written over it. — 8 -*M, 
I, 209 32 f. 



25 

^Ixs aJ^jijjj *xa ^ytj&ri jA*U (H*^ v ^*-ir} ^ yLwj 1 **tt fuXij ^» 

OisUcj BlXaac^jI ^a/> ^ J^i ^ ^Jj j*yJl qjU vji^j ^yil Oy 

* * «. 

u** 5 o^ r*"^ o^ -^ -^ i3j**^ u"**^ ^^ c^ £?^ o* ** Sfi ^ 5 

g j^> q^ XijLb £ l^Xfij (^5j^i pwX^* qJ q*^j^ ^^"^ ^* J*tr^ 
i»» . i © -*- 

w * O * I M 

* 5 £ * 

m " © - 

v^ o* -r^ ^jr" j$* **$* c^ v^y 5 * r^ AA j^° J^ 51 o* **** 

*Poi. 18 A. J^ (jJjJf ajubj (ciU«3 lXaII ^la^AAvLi *aJ| l^ ^ (*-*^=^^ l^r^^* ^t*^5 

-.^J«0^i £5>jJ qJ V^O_^D ^.^AyQ 2S.Ay«| ^.AJ KXA^i q^ (j^Li "w'jlis ,j. Jsi 
j»t\^\J> ^| 7 «^» K.Ai^L*i| ^ ^Pj L^jJi 8^0_j yO^l J^l ^yD ^A*A-ii v-aJ|J^ 

tXxej lXaxav ^j 3j4^_5 K..-^** qJ lXjij qJ «AXi> 2Ub^ jxa^J ^.il C)^/ ;^3 

1 Ms. ^Jl crossed out; cp. M, II, 337. — 2 M, II, 337 27 omits; ms. ^y> 
crossed out and ^i\ adde<J above by another hand. — 3 M, I. c. has article. — 
4 Ms. j£&, — 5 M, II, 33735. — 6 Ms., a.LLa5>. — 7 Ms. ^^aP.jI crossed out. 



20 



10 



24 

m « I . ■ I 

v^^oXi aj.jci^^Ij t\*^j iUJL^oj Lg->!y>j Lgj'^Lo jao^o ^JLc jJL^ ^jt 
^j _5^ ^u aJlil vX»-c ^H .Axil **jl*i <\*j^ fc*A*M ^-^Li (j"-^c .c^ 

3j *£: qJ jJJi »AxC ^<3 ^ UU 2 NaJLc vJ^J ^Uib *,j".jU UuXi (jdjJl *Foll7A. 

qj! L JU cXotM q.j .JU L&\» ^^j^JCwj i^^-J ***« Jjf £ ^J3j 

^y Ui syixii 3b JJ -M ^ !j^ «-^J^ ^ X.*L*<^ ^Jd^> c£*aLo J^-sLj t<A$L^ 
JL5 *-uf q£ <■***** ry* *JJt ^**& q^ Jov>J5 qj! ^-aSlX^- ^ ^ Lail 

L^jJLc *oo^5 oJb£ t^y^$ jJ^I &*** v^j ry° i$& (j* 4 ^* ^^ 5 >3!$ 



V-3j^ qJ ^Jj?» qJ iUJiJlft qJ ^jJ qJ l\aA«* 

gv m <j2 *■ 

j^& J^X^J LpiXiis LpXo ^Xc ^_^0»j^^ <AjJJ & 0<*JU* L^-Jj j4J 

n m « J m 

lX-ouw j»As UJ jli V3-JDI q£i *-oi ^c jj^ i*r^^ L ^A JUw CT^ ^^ L V^- C rr^ 
*JJ| ^aij JUs ^^^J j.^ ^ j^c aUli' ya^ >XL>- ^^ie Ui!^ l\hjj qjJ 

P w 6 w * * £ 

^^u>^>l L>LxJU: ^JJ* (iU>^ ^5" ^Ui wU LaxS ^1/ Loi ^a^.J| j£A$ 

- «• ~ -wo - * o 

^^SjJ ^y^- iuJ^ j^^lj *^ O^tjC^lj* *J ^LjLiJl ^Xc yaA JwPl jjJ ^ *Fol. 17B. 



20 



1 M, I. c. inserts aJbf. — 2 M, I, 301, inserts 20b. — 3 Sur. 2. — 4 Marginal 
note by different hand: Kj^lXa&^L 'jUJLaX -i^j' ya^c ^j^Ij ^ U^Jri ^ i^ 
GtZJ^xsiS] ^56 jj (jy^j ^jOUjII Kaav — 5 Ms. Jtj. — 6 M, II, 33726 J^vAijf. 



23 

iiU3 iJLs xjyot ^j^w JU £*L*wo t^yc*! IjjLm &>^j UJLs 1 XJ.JUL&«^I| 
6 J ^& ^ ^jb ^A*J 5 L^Lc &*£* oyfl 4 o^ Gt'&tj&j 3 L*JLi>l jl& 2 jUiic 



*Pol. 16 B. 



cr* o^ a*- J** o^ v ^^'- cr* lX ^ ? cr* *-^-^° 

^ ^Oljli «-^*-w qJ (J*^^ XJl£* Jat^j MjO pS [$&jk £?** ***" itf^ 

© - - O - . - » J 

V*£ L r^V° i'V^vJ "-^*¥H l\^&Xw»!j (jr»/^.4.5>* C^JU &.Xa» £ (j^J-fcil i»*J^ 

» . . m 3 £■ m , . , .. O - 

a yCj J ^SyJb y^ w^j a ^> ^^ iiU5 13 j^ 5 L^ir j^L^.ii "JLw 
^^aii d jJ3^J j^L^- ^w^^il l^iOyo CJ UCj iX>|j v»*^5 vS J^5 j ^^131 

1 Ms. Kj.lXaXaw. — 2 Ms. »$-&; reading from marg. where w!^-o has been 
written above it. — 3 Ms. b after this word. — 4 -*M, I, 208 34-35. — 5 M, Z. c. ^.c 
-xa/c inserting i_XJL^ ,.».j K^.JLa»^j . — 6 M, Z. <?. omits. — ' M, Z. 0. omits. — 
8 Wustenfeld, Statthalter, 29, n. 2; M, I, 228; T, I, 149. — e M, I, 301, 5 j*ii. — 
10 M, I, 301 19, o^Ja^ii . — n From marg. — 12 M, I, 301, oljjyi . — 13 - 13 M, Z. c. 1\ . 



22 

xifj lXJlS- q^ w^o ^a &X3 -&0£o Aniilc v_aaXs *'^lai\j 1 LgJ ^jjjio *f 1. 15 B. 

w ' |. * * 

*Jo^ OolXi JL^I yclc qJ 'jUAfi ^AOvO jJ^ ^-AJL^CavIj pwl>JS '^^"^ lV^ 

10 X^UaJfj «y?4^ ^ IjcUl 7 Ltoyw L$**9 LjIs a.a&c ^I/j Q ^xhjJb c JLc Jot^s? 
cXjij qX; jlxii ^J |»LAP Liw*3-| JUS jJLwo ^ Osu.LJ\ Uja->1 JU |*aJ>0 

o > I 

w www i i 

15 Sj^ «Jwlw>L As. J?} ^JL-j \JLc *JIJ| JLo 2JJ1 vjj-^ oAS Jl3$ *JJlJ$\ 

^U3 co3j 3 <iU3 JJU UsjI oJLiii u^t JlfiS ^ij^Ls* ^iUJL^I^ l5 JLc 5 xLSi *Poi.i6A. 
20 pi tit (J*~2 ^a!c idit \c^*° *^\ ^y*J 1^^ /*^ vi ^ /0 ^ XHLaJI y>-^ ^ 

£ W J WW. 



1 M, I, 301 12, LgJ. — 3 *M, I, 208 27. - 3 MJ. c. ^ ^ ^^^i cp. 
AF, 356. - 4 M, Z. c. ^fJUfe,; thus T, I, 143; cp. n. 1. — 5 M, I, 20833. — « M, 
I. c. 1. 34 inserts \df. — 7 M, I. c. l^oj, . - 8 *M, I, 208 36 f. — 9 DF, 38 ; Suy r 
I, 121; Haz, 62 6. — 10 flaz, 119 27. — " T, I, 144 10. 



21 

5 -i O - I * „ o J 

w } 

w£> O -. w> 

•fr^JU ^ ^J a J ^^ ^ «y> a ^ 

I P I P > *» 

-• p 

£. fi P w p 

ja* j£>i olj-fct ^ wXs^j xjJ>\ ^U. LNi 3 ^ j^f L^ j.Lsl^ ^^> 

J ~ K» w 

w ££■£■*.£■ s- w 

<^U3 iJLs Lg-U t^jiJuwotj (tgftlfi aju^ !A^ y^ J*^ (j* 3 ** ic^ 1 « , ^^ : 

P ' w w 

I P P y c vm 

jjnx^ ^ic a\X& «J vttoli^ y-vo J^t ^ifi ^.J-smJI jj*^ t*& o-->i £j}\ 
^XxjI ^Li J**s jLa 2 ^l ^./o |*X^ Jsjf^ ^^x^ j^ (jia*^ ^.^0 *jJA (jiax>J 15 

w w ., p w j; 

(-J &}& \$ ^j^5 U jS>i\ & sAj>- p$ 2kftA^O (S\j3 (*-^i ^Lj 8'AaJ ^IjO 

^IoLaS 3 LJol*-v- Uxmm cN-^U»m oLaa> ^wo ^jj.Aa^Ji bIoIaS Xa>Lo vAxfi 

*' I O,. w 

&a£ JLaw.5 K.J^Jt-0 jtf^ Xaac (• L ^ , ' ; b vXii- ^-Ui '*-^j (ff^ ry° (T-J^F^^ 

M PA 

» ~<t* £ p p p .. « 

^ 5U5i«J Kxxc JJicj ^L^aIc .3>J^s p£ j^h\ \ rsjflh £\J& ^ic v^J^j^ 25 

1 Haz, 134. — 2 M, I, 301 8, 131. — 3 M, II, 301 10, I***- l*+*v. — 4 Ms. 
jt^. - • T, 1, 140, ^JJI; cp. M, I, 301, oJ .^ ^J^JJL 



20 

C w * * »» 

^ \J^Jri 4j-*^>^ <3^ lX^-Vj qJ *Dl v.^^ icc^j j-:t Lc!lXw> oL5 (*-^=^ 

s. P S 5 «J« w „> w 

* - .J- * ' w * * - 

eV.J^ax^c ^| Laaamj ^5 \-**fj* -**Afrb U5y3 Lu^of f-fc^ JtSj ***5; ^7* 

* I 

* W flf # * w 

sW J J*y o>Wi o* ij+* o ] ***** u*y M e? 8 !^f o* '^j*** * Fo1 - 14B - 

* w w 

j.U ^L^jJU, tJL^-jJl v-^-JI q^ iy.tlcT&jf cXs (j^Uit ^L 131 jc^-^ u*^>- ^ 

A-Otil L^"° (*^ ^"^^ Cf^° ^^ ^V*^^ <*~fc" «Afi>l U»-*.J ^Jj ».aJIc jJ^-s 

W W JS 

w I 

jJLJI Axe iOol wai^Uwtj i^y^j^ C^^Lj; ioLw JaftJl KJLJ ^^ hLs^ vi^il^ 

1 DTH, IV, 2. — 8 IQ, 361 ; N, 361 ; Haz, 171. — 3 DTH, VII, 5; T, I, 592; 
Haz, 259. — * Haz, 32, 1. 1. — B Haz, 367. — 6 Haz, 384. — 7 Suy, 1, 130; 
Haz, 5. — 8 IH, II, 370; Suy, I, 123; Haz, 63. — e T, I, 678; Suy, I, 162; 
Haz, 364. — 10 N, 126; IH, II, 12; DTH, VI, 30; T, I, 503; Haz, 179. 



20 



19 

J is y 

Foi. 13 b. tXj-j *^Li^ *a>Lo Jt ^♦-g-ivfl lX>1 5 J/ (5^^ cfr*^ ^^ o^ 2 ^; -T^ 

«■ O - - - IN 

Jin aj J»3»(»Xsi 2sJLx3» c>^> iOjAns cX.jjj *dfi iA^Co (j*LJb K^-.Li> .J^a» 
Oljt adit a £Jj ^^fi JLs 5 3^fi Lj i^Afi ca^I U aJL5t 3 Lit aJ JUs 3j *c 
q,j ^fi- qJ ^^^ '^j^ J*&* ^*^ jOLbyi -Jfi 3j4.fi Jot^ *^jU> 

l\xj \ya&3\ pS ^^Uas ^jyt^i £**« £ til^ f*^!;** j*;*^ O* ^V *i^ 10 

- (j 3 

^j*.xiijt 0^.a£ qJ «.sLi qJ £..*.&£ ( *.-g-Jf v^aaaS (jot*Jf ^ Sj*^ ic^ ^^ 
^jfi iXjiXS ^j ^ic ^.ouX^ -fr^^is ^^Jtij^ ^5^X>1 &m« j (Jj-g^i^ 

J & * 3 -m 3 

V^AJiy JLS Sj^aP qC **£-§"J qJI Qii ^jOi qX. j^^ Q^ l\a*av qJ *Xif lXm^AC 

*..j.afi p.$>\j£.b Zip** q^J f^xaiii (C-^^ (*4^JIa0 -ifi jjibCi |^>j-^ ^ SuljJ 

PC *. ~ o .> 3 2- <* 

^ 83JLW.S (*f*j0 if* 5 ** ***^ f^fcJj'Us ^jJbljbl SUsJj 1^^^5 £»Li ^\ 15 
^Ut ^t LiuXxfi tXgfi isjJj^J gwuJ ^il jlij (*.^Jlfi bLs ^.PJs.^L*J3 ^.^Lcij 

5= ^- * 

Pw *JO--. 3 J J . O^ «• •• 

^.Ifi ^X*jb! Q^j 2 ^-i c (j^^r^'^ oJ^- v -**^' *^x^ ^ v5y*j J^>3 j« 

3j4fi (ASfi3 •ft^lou La^ ^3 ^Ijjyl Ua-& ^ ij&'h ^bb^ (*^ 
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'Fol. 14 A. iOcXfi* 5 *jwvUxv ^j Q.4J>jil (A>.fi ^1 V^i^* <e$ O- ^d?" *CT £ *^H^ 

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1 M, I, 300 33, ^J-; cp. II, 337 20. — 2 Sur. IX, 7. — 3 M, I, 300, 8^. — 
4 Ms. ^AJcX.4.il Q.^v.fi*. — 5 Haz, 194. — 6 Ms. U^-i} with the above reading 
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IH, ind.; DTH, III, 11; I, I, 281 , 'Amir b. Surahbil Abu 'Amr as-&a'bi. — 
6 IQ, 104; N, 337. — ' ]VIs. ^-b. — 8 IS, V, 353; N, 475; DTH, IV, 3; Haz, 

244. — * Ms. ^yuAil a ^s>. — 10 Ms. ^JLo. - » DTH, X, 93; I, II, 187. 



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7 Haz, 52 1. 18. — 8 Sprenger 273, fol. 10b renders the last two words of the 
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1 - 1 From marg.; followed by &j&. — 2 Ms. -*io. — ° T, I, 194. — * Haz, 
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Ui-XSLoj ^<w.5> 5U*« c^:^^ c^ ^ir^ DTH » Vm ' 103 5 Sub ' J » 249f *' T ' Ij 766 5 
Suy, I, 138; Haz, 58. — 3 'Abdallah ibn Wahab. IH, II, 15; DTH, VI, 52; 
Sub, I, 257; Suy, I, 135. — 4 N, 627; DTH, VIII, 7; T, II, 138; Suy, I, 162; 
Haz, 365. — 5 Suy, I, 163; Haz, 365. Spr. 274. ^JLo q j ^Uic ^ ^x^p. 



20 



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1 Introd. p. 15. — 2 We. 334, f. 151a, q j a ^S- q j ^JLc ^Uii jj| 
yGA ^Jj-J iJ wAaa-ivo {^y^ iXjiAs qJ ^aJL->. — 3 See n. 4. — 4 We. 334, 
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a^U 5 a >jL SUam. See also, DF, 90, n. h; DTH, VIII, 16, Suy, I, 138, 265; 
Haz, 120, 1. 35, 142, 1. 7. — 5 Ms. &*aaJ, as the manuscript in numerous cases 
has both readings, I shall merely mention them here and omit the note hereafter. 
1Q, 203; N, 364; IH, 11,17; DTH, V, 65; M, 11,334; T, I, 334; Suy, 1,134; 
Haz, 179. — • IH, II, 19 f.; DTH, IV, 21; DF, 81-84; T, 1,343; Suy, I, 134; 
Haz, 370; HH, II, 19. De Goeje, Cat. Cod. Orient. Bibl. Lugd. Bat. vol. 5, p. 225. 



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q^aSUj ^A-M^tr^ ^5^^^ — 3 DTH, I, 54; T, I, 449; Haz, 362. — 4 IH, 

IV, 231 ; HH, 111. — » DF, 38; DTH, IV, 28; Suy, 1, 134; Haz, 211. — 6 DF, 14 
Haz, 81. 

a 



